Phased Ultra Massive Array (PUMA)
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel multiple-access framework, termed the phased ultra massive antenna array (PUMA), which exploits the distinctive spatial flexibility of fluid antenna systems (FAS) at the user equipment (UE). Building upon fluid antenna multiple access (FAMA) and compact ultra-massive antenna array (CUMA), PUMA incorporates a phased array for signal aggregation. This architecture enables the UE to inherently mitigate co-user interference within the spatial domain without necessitating channel state information (CSI) for precoding at the base station (BS) or complex interference cancellation at each UE. A primary advantage of PUMA lies in its hardware efficiency: by implementing phase shifting and signal combining in the analog domain, it achieves high antenna gain while requiring only a minimal number of radio-frequency (RF) chains, potentially a single RF chain. Comprehensive theoretical analysis of the achievable data rate is provided, complemented by extensive simulations that validate the framework. The results demonstrate that PUMA markedly outperforms FAMA and CUMA architectures, particularly for UEs with a single RF chain, offering a robust and scalable solution for interference-insensitive massive connectivity in sixth-generation (6G) systems.
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BibTeX
@misc{hong2026phased,
title = {{Phased Ultra Massive Array (PUMA)}},
author = {Hanjiang Hong and Kai-Kit Wong and Xusheng Zhu and Chenguang Rao and Dazhi He and Hyundong Shin},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2605.04866},
eprint = {2605.04866},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.04866},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Phased Ultra Massive Array (PUMA)
AU - Hanjiang Hong
AU - Kai-Kit Wong
AU - Xusheng Zhu
AU - Chenguang Rao
AU - Dazhi He
AU - Hyundong Shin
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/16
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2605.04866
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.04866
AB - This paper proposes a novel multiple-access framework, termed the phased ultra massive antenna array (PUMA), which exploits the distinctive spatial flexibility of fluid antenna systems (FAS) at the user equipment (UE). Building upon fluid antenna multiple access (FAMA) and compact ultra-massive antenna array (CUMA), PUMA incorporates a phased array for signal aggregation. This architecture enables the UE to inherently mitigate co-user interference within the spatial domain without necessitating channel state information (CSI) for precoding at the base station (BS) or complex interference cancellation at each UE. A primary advantage of PUMA lies in its hardware efficiency: by implementing phase shifting and signal combining in the analog domain, it achieves high antenna gain while requiring only a minimal number of radio-frequency (RF) chains, potentially a single RF chain. Comprehensive theoretical analysis of the achievable data rate is provided, complemented by extensive simulations that validate the framework. The results demonstrate that PUMA markedly outperforms FAMA and CUMA architectures, particularly for UEs with a single RF chain, offering a robust and scalable solution for interference-insensitive massive connectivity in sixth-generation (6G) systems.
ER -