A thermal microwave bus for neutral atom quantum computing
Abstract
High-fidelity two-qubit gates in neutral-atom arrays rely on the Rydberg blockade, which is intrinsically short ranged and requires long range connectivity to be achieved through atom shuttling. We propose a four level architecture, where the typical ground state qubit can be leveraged for its long lifetime and the Rydberg states couple to a microwave cavity, allowing for long range cavity mediated gates. We first find the thermal dependence of two established protocols, the dispersive iSWAP native to the Tavis-Cummings model and the Controlled phase gate generated from driving the cavity. We simulate them under the presence of Rydberg decay, thermal photons, finite cavity linewidth and find fidelities which accompany closed form bounds. We then introduce the bichromatic Raman gate, which only virtually populates the Rydberg states and cancels dispersive shifts to mitigate both atomic and cavity decay, achieving a fidelity of F = 0.997. Finally, we consider a full optical tweezer array in a microwave cavity, and show that using a cavity mediated gate to close the periodic boundaries of the toric code shortens an error correction round by a factor of 2.3 for realistic array sizes. This was then applied to the wider family of Bivariate bicycle codes, and we find that it shortens a round of the gross code by a factor of 4.8.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{kendall2026thermal,
title = {{A thermal microwave bus for neutral atom quantum computing}},
author = {Matthew J. H. Kendall and Christopher J. Watson and Michael Ben Shem and Jonathan D. Breeze},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.24933},
eprint = {2609.24933},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.24933},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - A thermal microwave bus for neutral atom quantum computing
AU - Matthew J. H. Kendall
AU - Christopher J. Watson
AU - Michael Ben Shem
AU - Jonathan D. Breeze
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/21
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.24933
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.24933
AB - High-fidelity two-qubit gates in neutral-atom arrays rely on the Rydberg blockade, which is intrinsically short ranged and requires long range connectivity to be achieved through atom shuttling. We propose a four level architecture, where the typical ground state qubit can be leveraged for its long lifetime and the Rydberg states couple to a microwave cavity, allowing for long range cavity mediated gates. We first find the thermal dependence of two established protocols, the dispersive iSWAP native to the Tavis-Cummings model and the Controlled phase gate generated from driving the cavity. We simulate them under the presence of Rydberg decay, thermal photons, finite cavity linewidth and find fidelities which accompany closed form bounds. We then introduce the bichromatic Raman gate, which only virtually populates the Rydberg states and cancels dispersive shifts to mitigate both atomic and cavity decay, achieving a fidelity of F = 0.997. Finally, we consider a full optical tweezer array in a microwave cavity, and show that using a cavity mediated gate to close the periodic boundaries of the toric code shortens an error correction round by a factor of 2.3 for realistic array sizes. This was then applied to the wider family of Bivariate bicycle codes, and we find that it shortens a round of the gross code by a factor of 4.8.
ER -