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Peer-reviewedCC BYFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

Paired biopsy-surface and tissue microbiome profiling reveals tissue-associated bacterial signatures in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

  • Nan Shi1,2,3
  • Zongjian Huang1,3
  • Xuesong Wang1,3,4
  • Ying Xie2,3,5,6
  • Anzhou Tang1,3
  • Wei Xia1,3
6 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
  2. 2Department of Head and Neck Tumor Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China.
  3. 3Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumours (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China.
  4. 4Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
  5. 5School of Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
  6. 6School of International Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Abstract

Introduction

Tumor-associated microbiota have been implicated in cancer biology, but the relationship between bacteria detected on the biopsy surface and those detected within tumor tissue remains poorly defined.Methods

In this study, we profiled paired biopsy-surface swabs and tissue biopsies from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and benign nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) controls using five-region 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Matched bulk RNA-seq data were analyzed to explore associations between microbial features, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transcription, host pathway activity, and inferred immune-cell composition.Results

Tissue-associated microbial profiles showed stronger separation between NPC and NLH than biopsy-surface profiles in this discovery cohort. Several NPC-enriched species-level taxonomic assignments were associated with higher EBV transcript levels, proliferative and cell-cycle pathway activity, and lower inferred CD8 T-cell and plasmacytoid dendritic-cell signatures.Discussion

These findings indicate that NPC tissue contains microbial signatures that differ from biopsy-surface communities and support further validation of tissue-associated microbe-EBV-host relationships.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{shi2026paired,
  title = {{Paired biopsy-surface and tissue microbiome profiling reveals tissue-associated bacterial signatures in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.}},
  author = {Nan Shi and Zongjian Huang and Xuesong Wang and Ying Xie and Anzhou Tang and Wei Xia},
  journal = {Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fcimb.2026.1892233},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42952527},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Paired biopsy-surface and tissue microbiome profiling reveals tissue-associated bacterial signatures in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
AU  - Nan Shi
AU  - Zongjian Huang
AU  - Xuesong Wang
AU  - Ying Xie
AU  - Anzhou Tang
AU  - Wei Xia
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/14
JO  - Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
DO  - 10.3389/fcimb.2026.1892233
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42952527
AB  - Introduction  Tumor-associated microbiota have been implicated in cancer biology, but the relationship between bacteria detected on the biopsy surface and those detected within tumor tissue remains poorly defined.Methods  In this study, we profiled paired biopsy-surface swabs and tissue biopsies from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and benign nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia (NLH) controls using five-region 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Matched bulk RNA-seq data were analyzed to explore associations between microbial features, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transcription, host pathway activity, and inferred immune-cell composition.Results  Tissue-associated microbial profiles showed stronger separation between NPC and NLH than biopsy-surface profiles in this discovery cohort. Several NPC-enriched species-level taxonomic assignments were associated with higher EBV transcript levels, proliferative and cell-cycle pathway activity, and lower inferred CD8 T-cell and plasmacytoid dendritic-cell signatures.Discussion  These findings indicate that NPC tissue contains microbial signatures that differ from biopsy-surface communities and support further validation of tissue-associated microbe-EBV-host relationships.
SN  - 2235-2988
ER  -