Fruit powder spray formulations reduce advanced glycation end-product formation in charcoal-grilled pork: effects of application method and polyphenol-sugar balance.
- 1Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, No.100, Sec.1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist., Taichung City, 406040, Taiwan.
- 2School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, No.250, Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110, Taiwan.
- 3Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, 500 Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formed during charcoal grilling of meat pose food safety concerns, yet few studies have compared how different methods of applying protective ingredients affect AGE formation. This study compared three application methods (marinating, spraying, and mixing) for delivering freeze-dried fruit powders and evaluated their effects on Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and Nε-carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL) in charcoal-grilled pork loin and belly. Among eight fruit powders screened, strawberry (SB) and kumquat (KQ) were selected on the basis of their antioxidant-to-sugar balance. Two-way ANOVA showed that application method accounted for 62% of the variance in AGE inhibition in pork loin, compared with 13% for fruit type, and spraying maintained high inhibition across both lean and high-fat cuts. Soy sauce-free spray formulations reduced total AGEs by 83% (SB) and 86% (KQ) while maintaining low lipid oxidation, consumer acceptance above the neutral threshold, and stable performance during 90 days of accelerated storage at 45 °C. Molecular docking and methylglyoxal-trapping assays indicated that the fruit polyphenols may inhibit AGE formation through three complementary pathways: competitive binding at glycation-susceptible protein sites, direct scavenging of reactive carbonyl intermediates, and suppression of lipid oxidation. These findings show that how fruit powder is applied to meat can be as important as which fruit powder is used.
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BibTeX
@article{li2026fruit,
title = {{Fruit powder spray formulations reduce advanced glycation end-product formation in charcoal-grilled pork: effects of application method and polyphenol-sugar balance.}},
author = {Mei-Ling Li and Shang-Ming Huang and Pei-Yu Wu and Ching-Wei Huang and Wei-Lun Hung and Kuo-Chiang Hsu},
journal = {Current research in food science},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.crfs.2026.101592},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898300},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Fruit powder spray formulations reduce advanced glycation end-product formation in charcoal-grilled pork: effects of application method and polyphenol-sugar balance.
AU - Mei-Ling Li
AU - Shang-Ming Huang
AU - Pei-Yu Wu
AU - Ching-Wei Huang
AU - Wei-Lun Hung
AU - Kuo-Chiang Hsu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/08
JO - Current research in food science
DO - 10.1016/j.crfs.2026.101592
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898300
AB - Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formed during charcoal grilling of meat pose food safety concerns, yet few studies have compared how different methods of applying protective ingredients affect AGE formation. This study compared three application methods (marinating, spraying, and mixing) for delivering freeze-dried fruit powders and evaluated their effects on Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and Nε-carboxyethyl-lysine (CEL) in charcoal-grilled pork loin and belly. Among eight fruit powders screened, strawberry (SB) and kumquat (KQ) were selected on the basis of their antioxidant-to-sugar balance. Two-way ANOVA showed that application method accounted for 62% of the variance in AGE inhibition in pork loin, compared with 13% for fruit type, and spraying maintained high inhibition across both lean and high-fat cuts. Soy sauce-free spray formulations reduced total AGEs by 83% (SB) and 86% (KQ) while maintaining low lipid oxidation, consumer acceptance above the neutral threshold, and stable performance during 90 days of accelerated storage at 45 °C. Molecular docking and methylglyoxal-trapping assays indicated that the fruit polyphenols may inhibit AGE formation through three complementary pathways: competitive binding at glycation-susceptible protein sites, direct scavenging of reactive carbonyl intermediates, and suppression of lipid oxidation. These findings show that how fruit powder is applied to meat can be as important as which fruit powder is used.
SN - 2665-9271
ER -