Nielsen–Olesen flux tube plus electric charge
Abstract
We investigate the composite system of a 2 + 1 -dimensional electric charge placed in the background field of a Nielsen–Olesen flux tube. The explicit analytic results are obtained in the static probe approximation and in the controlled large-separation regime αx 0 ≫ 1, where α = 2 e a . We show that the combined configuration carries a non-vanishing field angular momentum, closely analogous to the familiar charge–monopole systems in 3 + 1 dimensions. We also find that the system possesses a finite field momentum, which appears to violate the center-of-energy theorem. A detailed analysis reveals that this field momentum is compensated by a hidden mechanical momentum carried by the flux tube’s currents, thereby preserving the center-of-energy theorem.
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BibTeX
@article{phonchantuek2026nielsenolesen,
title = {{Nielsen–Olesen flux tube plus electric charge}},
author = {Anajak Phonchantuek and Douglas Singleton},
journal = {Nuclear Physics B},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2026.117696},
url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0550321326003998},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Nielsen–Olesen flux tube plus electric charge
AU - Anajak Phonchantuek
AU - Douglas Singleton
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/30
JO - Nuclear Physics B
DO - 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2026.117696
UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0550321326003998
AB - We investigate the composite system of a 2 + 1 -dimensional electric charge placed in the background field of a Nielsen–Olesen flux tube. The explicit analytic results are obtained in the static probe approximation and in the controlled large-separation regime αx 0 ≫ 1, where α = 2 e a . We show that the combined configuration carries a non-vanishing field angular momentum, closely analogous to the familiar charge–monopole systems in 3 + 1 dimensions. We also find that the system possesses a finite field momentum, which appears to violate the center-of-energy theorem. A detailed analysis reveals that this field momentum is compensated by a hidden mechanical momentum carried by the flux tube’s currents, thereby preserving the center-of-energy theorem.
SN - 0550-3213
SN - 1873-1562
ER -