Stroke Lesion Location Is Associated with Dynamic Inspiratory Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
- 2Shanghai Institute of Rehabilitation with Integrated Western and Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
Abstract
Background/objectives
We examined whether respiratory performance differed among broad stroke lesion-location categories.Methods
This exploratory single-center cross-sectional analysis combined pre-intervention assessments from 20 participants in an earlier trial with 60 subsequently recruited participants. The 80 patients were classified into frontal lobe (n = 27), basal ganglia region (n = 26), or brainstem (n = 27) categories. Peak inspiratory flow (PIF), strength index (S-Index), and five conventional respiratory outcomes were assessed. Holm correction was applied across seven outcomes. Linear models used type 3 heteroscedasticity-consistent (HC3) robust standard errors and the original six clinical covariates. Additional PIF analyses incorporated time since stroke, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), or modified Barthel Index (MBI), and restricted the sample to ischemic or first-ever stroke.Results
Only PIF retained an unadjusted group association after Holm correction (adjusted p = 0.008). The adjusted overall lesion-location association also survived correction (adjusted p = 0.009). PIF was 0.625 L/s higher in the basal ganglia region than in the brainstem group (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.282-0.967). This contrast persisted with additional clinical adjustment in the full cohort and in ischemic stroke. Evidence weakened in first-ever stroke; with MBI adjustment, the contrast was 0.381 L/s (95% CI, -0.067-0.829).Conclusions
Broad lesion-location categories were associated with PIF in this selected cohort. The findings remain exploratory and cannot fully separate anatomical associations from stroke severity, disability, unmeasured clinical factors, or measurement limitations.
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BibTeX
@article{kuo2026stroke,
title = {{Stroke Lesion Location Is Associated with Dynamic Inspiratory Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study.}},
author = {Ho-Chieh Kuo and Guanghua Liu and Zongye Zhong and Bangzhong Liu and Xiaokai Zhang and Mingfang Shi},
journal = {Advances in respiratory medicine},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/arm94050076},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42930054},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Stroke Lesion Location Is Associated with Dynamic Inspiratory Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study.
AU - Ho-Chieh Kuo
AU - Guanghua Liu
AU - Zongye Zhong
AU - Bangzhong Liu
AU - Xiaokai Zhang
AU - Mingfang Shi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/20
JO - Advances in respiratory medicine
DO - 10.3390/arm94050076
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42930054
AB - Background/objectives We examined whether respiratory performance differed among broad stroke lesion-location categories.Methods This exploratory single-center cross-sectional analysis combined pre-intervention assessments from 20 participants in an earlier trial with 60 subsequently recruited participants. The 80 patients were classified into frontal lobe (n = 27), basal ganglia region (n = 26), or brainstem (n = 27) categories. Peak inspiratory flow (PIF), strength index (S-Index), and five conventional respiratory outcomes were assessed. Holm correction was applied across seven outcomes. Linear models used type 3 heteroscedasticity-consistent (HC3) robust standard errors and the original six clinical covariates. Additional PIF analyses incorporated time since stroke, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), or modified Barthel Index (MBI), and restricted the sample to ischemic or first-ever stroke.Results Only PIF retained an unadjusted group association after Holm correction (adjusted p = 0.008). The adjusted overall lesion-location association also survived correction (adjusted p = 0.009). PIF was 0.625 L/s higher in the basal ganglia region than in the brainstem group (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.282-0.967). This contrast persisted with additional clinical adjustment in the full cohort and in ischemic stroke. Evidence weakened in first-ever stroke; with MBI adjustment, the contrast was 0.381 L/s (95% CI, -0.067-0.829).Conclusions Broad lesion-location categories were associated with PIF in this selected cohort. The findings remain exploratory and cannot fully separate anatomical associations from stroke severity, disability, unmeasured clinical factors, or measurement limitations.
SN - 2451-4934
SN - 2543-6031
ER -