Skip to content
DraconiticResearch
Search Sources API
203,948 studies31 sourcesUpdated 23 min ago
Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Journal of Clinical Medicine

Bleeding Following Frozen Elephant Trunk Surgery: A Proposed Reporting Dataset and Research Agenda

  • Raluca Elisabeta Staicu1
  • Andrei Raul Manzur2
  • Marciana Ionela Boca3,4
  • Alina-Ramona Cozlac3,5,6
  • Andrea Pop-Crisan7
  • Petru Deutsch1,5,8
  • Ana Lascu9,10,11
11 affiliations
  1. 1Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Gheorghe Adam Street No. 13A, 300310 Timișoara, Romania
  2. 2Department of Doctoral Studies, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
  3. 3Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Gheorghe Adam Street No. 13A, 300310 Timișoara, Romania
  4. 4Doctoral School Medicine-Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
  5. 5Advanced Research Center of the Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
  6. 6Department VI Cardiology-Cardiovascular Surgery, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
  7. 7Department of Doctoral Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 Universității Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
  8. 8Department of Surgery X, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
  9. 9Clinic of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Timișoara, Gheorghe Adam Street No. 13A, 300310 Timișoara, Romania
  10. 10Department III Functional Sciences, Pathophysiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
  11. 11Centre for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
Open at sourceDOICite

Abstract

Perioperative bleeding after frozen elephant trunk (FET) surgery is reported using heterogeneous endpoints. This structured narrative review examines bleeding sources, measurement and haemostatic management, prioritising recent literature while retaining established landmark definitions. Twelve primary FET clinical publications are tabulated, with technical reports and wider cardiac-surgery evidence providing context. Re-exploration, postoperative drainage, estimated blood loss, transfusion and fabric oozing describe related but distinct phenomena. Established classifications, particularly the Universal Definition of Perioperative Bleeding (UDPB), provide a severity-reporting reference and should not be displaced by a new FET scale. We propose six parallel reporting domains: procedural context; bleeding measurement; haemostatic status; verified source; treatment exposure; and outcomes.. The study-level mapping shows that published FET reports often permit extraction of drainage, re-exploration or treatment exposure, whereas haemostatic status and a directly verified bleeding source are rarely recoverable from published reports. The dataset therefore makes these information gaps explicit and supports prospective evaluation; it does not infer an anatomical source from laboratory findings, drainage or treatment. The proposed reporting dataset is not a validated severity scale or treatment algorithm.

Related

  1. Safety of stroboscopic visual training in athletes: a mini-review and proposed framework for adverse-event reporting
    Jianjun Li, Youlin Xiao, Shiwei Xiao
    Frontiers in physiologyPeer-reviewedCC BYFull textGeneral medicineEurope PMC
  2. High Bleeding Risk Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: How to Choose the Optimal Antithrombotic Therapy, Its Duration and the Right Stent; A Comprehensive Review of the Current Literature and Proposed Treatment Algorithms
    Charalampos Kakderis, Matthaios Didagelos, Thomas Zegkos +11
    Journal of Clinical MedicinePeer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Full textCardiovascular medicineCrossrefEurope PMC
  3. Reconciling Extent of Resection and Residual Tumor Volume in Glioblastoma: Sources of Discordance and a Proposed Reporting Framework
    Prince Okong'o, Naomi Saro-Naenwi, Juliet Johnson +4
    CureusPeer-reviewedCC BYFull textOncologyEurope PMCPMC
  4. Atypical bleeding following blepharoplasty associated with curcumin supplementation: a case report
    Mayte Rodrigues da Cunha, Marco Tulio Rodrigues da Cunha
    Journal of Surgical Case ReportsPeer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Full textSurgery & anaesthesiaPMC
  5. Acute colonic variceal bleeding treated with coil-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration following atezolizumab-bevacizumab therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report.
    Sung Eun Park, Hyeon Uk Kwon, Sa Hong Jo +8
    MedicinePeer-reviewedCC BYFull textGeneral medicineEurope PMC

Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{staicu2026bleeding,
  title = {{Bleeding Following Frozen Elephant Trunk Surgery: A Proposed Reporting Dataset and Research Agenda}},
  author = {Raluca Elisabeta Staicu and Andrei Raul Manzur and Marciana Ionela Boca and Alina-Ramona Cozlac and Andrea Pop-Crisan and Petru Deutsch and Ana Lascu},
  journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.3390/jcm15218689},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8689},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Bleeding Following Frozen Elephant Trunk Surgery: A Proposed Reporting Dataset and Research Agenda
AU  - Raluca Elisabeta Staicu
AU  - Andrei Raul Manzur
AU  - Marciana Ionela Boca
AU  - Alina-Ramona Cozlac
AU  - Andrea Pop-Crisan
AU  - Petru Deutsch
AU  - Ana Lascu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/07
JO  - Journal of Clinical Medicine
DO  - 10.3390/jcm15218689
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8689
AB  - Perioperative bleeding after frozen elephant trunk (FET) surgery is reported using heterogeneous endpoints. This structured narrative review examines bleeding sources, measurement and haemostatic management, prioritising recent literature while retaining established landmark definitions. Twelve primary FET clinical publications are tabulated, with technical reports and wider cardiac-surgery evidence providing context. Re-exploration, postoperative drainage, estimated blood loss, transfusion and fabric oozing describe related but distinct phenomena. Established classifications, particularly the Universal Definition of Perioperative Bleeding (UDPB), provide a severity-reporting reference and should not be displaced by a new FET scale. We propose six parallel reporting domains: procedural context; bleeding measurement; haemostatic status; verified source; treatment exposure; and outcomes.. The study-level mapping shows that published FET reports often permit extraction of drainage, re-exploration or treatment exposure, whereas haemostatic status and a directly verified bleeding source are rarely recoverable from published reports. The dataset therefore makes these information gaps explicit and supports prospective evaluation; it does not infer an anatomical source from laboratory findings, drainage or treatment. The proposed reporting dataset is not a validated severity scale or treatment algorithm.
SN  - 2077-0383
ER  -