Pulmonary Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Associated with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Abstract

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is frequently accompanied by systemic inflammatory disorders, including vasculitis. However, histopathologically confirmed pulmonary vasculitis is rare. We herein report the case of a man in his 50s with MDS, who presented with fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and persistent inflammation that was unresponsive to antibiotics. Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis of the small pulmonary vessels, thus confirming the diagnosis. The pulmonary lesions resolved spontaneously without corticosteroid therapy. This case suggests that pulmonary vasculitis may contribute to the development of noninfectious pulmonary complications in MDS and that TBLB, despite its limitations, can occasionally provide histopathological confirmation.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@article{ozawa2026pulmonary,
  title = {{Pulmonary Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Associated with Myelodysplastic Syndrome}},
  author = {Ryota Ozawa and Midori Sato and Ryuto Ishikawa and Shintaro Kazama and Daichi Kondo and Shuko Hirota and Manabu Yamamoto and Naoaki Ichikawa and Shigeru Koyama and Hiroshi Kuraishi},
  journal = {Internal Medicine},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.2169/internalmedicine.6656-25},
  url = {https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/65/21/65_6656-25/_article},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Pulmonary Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Associated with Myelodysplastic Syndrome
AU  - Ryota Ozawa
AU  - Midori Sato
AU  - Ryuto Ishikawa
AU  - Shintaro Kazama
AU  - Daichi Kondo
AU  - Shuko Hirota
AU  - Manabu Yamamoto
AU  - Naoaki Ichikawa
AU  - Shigeru Koyama
AU  - Hiroshi Kuraishi
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/01
JO  - Internal Medicine
DO  - 10.2169/internalmedicine.6656-25
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/65/21/65_6656-25/_article
AB  - Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is frequently accompanied by systemic inflammatory disorders, including vasculitis. However, histopathologically confirmed pulmonary vasculitis is rare. We herein report the case of a man in his 50s with MDS, who presented with fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and persistent inflammation that was unresponsive to antibiotics. Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis of the small pulmonary vessels, thus confirming the diagnosis. The pulmonary lesions resolved spontaneously without corticosteroid therapy. This case suggests that pulmonary vasculitis may contribute to the development of noninfectious pulmonary complications in MDS and that TBLB, despite its limitations, can occasionally provide histopathological confirmation.
SN  - 1349-7235
SN  - 0918-2918
ER  -

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