Axion Emission Controlled by Ion Motion in Relativistic Beam-Plasma Filamentation
Abstract
The interaction between relativistic electron beams and plasma can generate magnetic fields with strengths of ∼ 104 T far exceeding conventional magnets, which offers a promising environment for producing weakly coupled particles. Using particle-in-cell simulations incorporating an axion-emission model, we show that a 10-GeV electron beam traversing dense plasma emits a forward-collimated axion beam during the ion-mediated nonlinear stage of current filamentation instability. Although the electron-driven linear instability seeds the filaments, ion motion governs their subsequent expansion and coalescence. This evolution reinjects cold-core electrons into large-amplitude orbits in phase space, where they repeatedly cross the strong-field flanks of neighboring magnetic vortices, thereby enhancing axion emission. At a background-plasma density of ∼ 1021cm−3, suppressing ion motion reduces the axion yield by a factor of 14.5. Our results demonstrate that ion dynamics play a crucial role in characterizing the emission of weakly coupled particles induced by relativistic filamentation instabilities, suggesting a new beam-driven method for probing the axion-electron interaction at accelerators.
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BibTeX
@misc{zhang2026axion,
title = {{Axion Emission Controlled by Ion Motion in Relativistic Beam-Plasma Filamentation}},
author = {Zhi-Bo Zhang and Pei-Lun He and Zheng Gong and Yue-Yue Chen},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2611.02824},
eprint = {2611.02824},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.02824},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Axion Emission Controlled by Ion Motion in Relativistic Beam-Plasma Filamentation
AU - Zhi-Bo Zhang
AU - Pei-Lun He
AU - Zheng Gong
AU - Yue-Yue Chen
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/02
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2611.02824
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.02824
AB - The interaction between relativistic electron beams and plasma can generate magnetic fields with strengths of ∼ 10^4 T far exceeding conventional magnets, which offers a promising environment for producing weakly coupled particles. Using particle-in-cell simulations incorporating an axion-emission model, we show that a 10-GeV electron beam traversing dense plasma emits a forward-collimated axion beam during the ion-mediated nonlinear stage of current filamentation instability. Although the electron-driven linear instability seeds the filaments, ion motion governs their subsequent expansion and coalescence. This evolution reinjects cold-core electrons into large-amplitude orbits in phase space, where they repeatedly cross the strong-field flanks of neighboring magnetic vortices, thereby enhancing axion emission. At a background-plasma density of ∼ 10^21cm^−3, suppressing ion motion reduces the axion yield by a factor of 14.5. Our results demonstrate that ion dynamics play a crucial role in characterizing the emission of weakly coupled particles induced by relativistic filamentation instabilities, suggesting a new beam-driven method for probing the axion-electron interaction at accelerators.
ER -