PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv
Small-Scale Clustering of Primordial Black Holes: The Little Red Dot Mass Function and the High-Redshift Galaxy Tension
Abstract
Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in "little red dots" (LRDs) discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) may result from runaway mergers of primordial black holes (PBHs) in clusters---through long-short mode coupling on small scales in the early Universe. In this framework, we derive the SMBH mass function, together with the compactness and overmassive features of LRDs. We also estimate that the dense gas residing in PBH clusters is consistent with LRD observations. In addition, SMBHs formed from PBH clusters can help accelerate galaxy formation at high redshifts, thus alleviating tension with ΛCDM cosmology.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{zhang2026smallscale,
title = {{Small-Scale Clustering of Primordial Black Holes: The Little Red Dot Mass Function and the High-Redshift Galaxy Tension}},
author = {Borui Zhang and Wei-Xiang Feng and Haipeng An},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.09078},
eprint = {2609.09078},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.09078},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Small-Scale Clustering of Primordial Black Holes: The Little Red Dot Mass Function and the High-Redshift Galaxy Tension
AU - Borui Zhang
AU - Wei-Xiang Feng
AU - Haipeng An
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/16
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.09078
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.09078
AB - Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in "little red dots" (LRDs) discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) may result from runaway mergers of primordial black holes (PBHs) in clusters---through long-short mode coupling on small scales in the early Universe. In this framework, we derive the SMBH mass function, together with the compactness and overmassive features of LRDs. We also estimate that the dense gas residing in PBH clusters is consistent with LRD observations. In addition, SMBHs formed from PBH clusters can help accelerate galaxy formation at high redshifts, thus alleviating tension with ΛCDM cosmology.
ER -