Skip to content
DraconiticResearch
Search Sources API
179,152 studies31 sourcesUpdated 41 min ago
Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0ACS Nano

Navigating the Renal Bio–Nano Interface: Physicochemical Rules for Crossing Barriers and Cellular Transport

  • Chuyue Zhang1
  • Keyu Ren1
  • Yihao Zhong1
  • Ping Fu1
  1. 1Department of Nephrology and Institute of Kidney Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
Read full textDOICite

Abstract

As a highly perfused and selective filtration organ, the kidney features complex, highly differentiated bio–nano interfaces. Conventional research focusing on organ homing largely prioritizes total renal drug exposure, yet therapeutic efficacy depends on crossing specific interfaces to meet pathological demandsaspects that remain poorly delineated. This review deconstructs the kidney into five serial bio–nano interfaces and defines the rules that govern nanoparticle fate at each of them. We then show how a kidney disease microenvironment rewrites these transport rules via interface reprogramming. Based on this, it outlines the corresponding delivery strategies tailored to three primary pathological modules. In glomerular diseases, spatial redistribution caused by barrier disruption is exploited for targeted entrapment. In tubular injury, the uptake decline from receptor downregulation is bypassed via basolateral pathways or uptake-independent extracellular interventions. In interstitial–vascular diseases, the transport barrier characterized by enhanced extravasation but restricted deep diffusion, resulting from microvascular leakage and fibrotic resistance, is overcome by leveraging microenvironmental features to build local drug reservoirs. Finally, considering translational hurdles and long-term retention risks, future material design must advance toward dynamic interface responsiveness, precise subcellular compartmentalization, and safe clearance. This framework aims to provide a physicochemical rationale for targeting distinct renal subregions and designing nanomedicines tailored to specific disease stages.

Related

  1. Beyond Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing in Reperfusion-Era Ischemic Stroke: Interface-Matched Active-Entity Delivery and Translational Product Design
    Fan Bu, YuanYuan Cao, Fengjiao Chen +2
    International Journal of NanomedicinePeer-reviewedCC BY-NC 4.0Full textMaterials & polymersPMC
  2. Regulating Humidity-Dependent Catalyst-Layer Transport by an Ultrathin Carbon Interface for Low-RH PEMFCs
    Caihan Zhu, Dewei Li, Tao Wu +1
    NanomaterialsPeer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Full textMaterials & polymersCrossrefEurope PMC
  3. Reversible Ion Transport Through an Irreversibly Percolating Li ₂ S Interphase at the Li/Li ₆ PS ₅ Cl Interface
    Tianmu Yuan, Zhimin Chen, James A. Dawson
    ChemRxivPreprintCC BYGeneral chemistryChemRxiv
  4. Precision engineering of nanocarriers for transport across complex biological barriers
    Rumi Acharya, Elena Komedchikova, Yonghyun Choi +7
    International Journal of Pharmaceutics: XPeer-reviewedCC BY-NCFull textMaterials & polymersDOAJEurope PMCPMC
  5. Interface Reconstruction of nZVI with a Mesoporous Mg(OH)2 Shell: Coupled Mass Transport and Interfacial Electron Transfer During Perchlorate Transformation
    Keke Xu, Yongkang Sun, Lichao Tan +9
    NanomaterialsPeer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Materials & polymersCrossref

Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{zhang2026navigating,
  title = {{Navigating the Renal Bio–Nano Interface: Physicochemical Rules for Crossing Barriers and Cellular Transport}},
  author = {Chuyue Zhang and Keyu Ren and Yihao Zhong and Ping Fu},
  journal = {ACS Nano},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1021/acsnano.6c14253},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6c14253},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Navigating the Renal Bio–Nano Interface: Physicochemical Rules for Crossing Barriers and Cellular Transport
AU  - Chuyue Zhang
AU  - Keyu Ren
AU  - Yihao Zhong
AU  - Ping Fu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/15
JO  - ACS Nano
DO  - 10.1021/acsnano.6c14253
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6c14253
AB  - As a highly perfused and selective filtration organ, the kidney features complex, highly differentiated bio–nano interfaces. Conventional research focusing on organ homing largely prioritizes total renal drug exposure, yet therapeutic efficacy depends on crossing specific interfaces to meet pathological demandsaspects that remain poorly delineated. This review deconstructs the kidney into five serial bio–nano interfaces and defines the rules that govern nanoparticle fate at each of them. We then show how a kidney disease microenvironment rewrites these transport rules via interface reprogramming. Based on this, it outlines the corresponding delivery strategies tailored to three primary pathological modules. In glomerular diseases, spatial redistribution caused by barrier disruption is exploited for targeted entrapment. In tubular injury, the uptake decline from receptor downregulation is bypassed via basolateral pathways or uptake-independent extracellular interventions. In interstitial–vascular diseases, the transport barrier characterized by enhanced extravasation but restricted deep diffusion, resulting from microvascular leakage and fibrotic resistance, is overcome by leveraging microenvironmental features to build local drug reservoirs. Finally, considering translational hurdles and long-term retention risks, future material design must advance toward dynamic interface responsiveness, precise subcellular compartmentalization, and safe clearance. This framework aims to provide a physicochemical rationale for targeting distinct renal subregions and designing nanomedicines tailored to specific disease stages.
SN  - 1936-0851
SN  - 1936-086X
ER  -