Factors associated with complications among children and adolescents with sickle cell disease in a tertiary hospital in southwestern Nigeria
7 affiliations
- 1Department of Paediatrics, Bowen University Iwo/Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
- 2Department of Paediatrics, University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda
- 3Department of Paediatrics, Osun State University/Uniosun Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
- 4Dept of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kwara State University Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
- 5Dept of Haematology, Bowen University Iwo/Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
- 6Dept of Human Physiology, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
- 7Dept of Radiology, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
Abstract
Background: Despite Nigeria having the largest burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) globally, the spectrum of complications and associated factors remains an understudied area, with most studies focused on acute complications of vaso-occlusive crisis. Hence, we determined the spectrum of complications (acute and chronic) of sickle cell disease and the associated factors among Nigerian children and adolescents residing in southwestern Nigeria.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among children and adolescents with SCD in southwestern Nigeria from January 2021 to June 2022. We obtained relevant information from the caregivers and verified this using case record files and physical examinations to identify past or present evidence of complications.
Results: Among the 100 children and adolescents recruited, 34 (34.0%) had at least one complication of SCD, 21 (61.8%) of whom were males. Osteomyelitis was the most common complication 20 (58.8%)] of 34 patients. The variables associated with complications were age, hospital admissions, total white blood cell count, and liver size. After adjusting for confounders, the variables associated with complications were adolescent age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 7.8, 95% confidence interval (CI)] of 1.806–33.225, hepatomegaly of 2.0–5.0 cm with an AOR of 4.8 (95% CI of 1.199–18.782), and hepatomegaly greater than 5.0 cm with an AOR of 8.8 (95% CI of 1.989–38.676).
Conclusion: This study revealed that one-third of SCD children and adolescents experienced at least one complication, and half experienced osteomyelitis. Being an adolescent and the presence of hepatomegaly increased the odds of complications of SCD.
Related
- Factors associated with poor glycaemic control among children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus at a tertiary hospital in Kenya
- Glycaemic outcomes of three months of continuous glucose monitoring in children, adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes at a Kenyan tertiary hospital: a single-arm prospective study.
- Caregiver-Related Factors Associated with HIV Status Disclosure and Treatment-Related Indicators Among Children and Adolescents Receiving ART in Rural Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Mental health outcomes following COVID-19- associated caregiver loss in children and adolescents: a six-year evidence gap
- Incidence and prevention of postprocedural bacteraemia and complications following water vapour therapy of the prostate: a retrospective review and quality improvement initiative at a tertiary care centre
BibTeX
@article{olasinde2026factors,
title = {{Factors associated with complications among children and adolescents with sickle cell disease in a tertiary hospital in southwestern Nigeria}},
author = {Yetunde Toyin Olasinde and Olayinka Rasheed Ibrahim and Abimbola Ololade Odeyemi and Adeola Olasinde and Ademola Toyosi Abolarin and Victor Oluwatomi Adeagbo and James Idowu Owolabi},
journal = {BMC Pediatrics},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.1186/s12887-026-07383-4},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-026-07383-4},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Factors associated with complications among children and adolescents with sickle cell disease in a tertiary hospital in southwestern Nigeria
AU - Yetunde Toyin Olasinde
AU - Olayinka Rasheed Ibrahim
AU - Abimbola Ololade Odeyemi
AU - Adeola Olasinde
AU - Ademola Toyosi Abolarin
AU - Victor Oluwatomi Adeagbo
AU - James Idowu Owolabi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/31
JO - BMC Pediatrics
DO - 10.1186/s12887-026-07383-4
UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-026-07383-4
AB - Background: Despite Nigeria having the largest burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) globally, the spectrum of complications and associated factors remains an understudied area, with most studies focused on acute complications of vaso-occlusive crisis. Hence, we determined the spectrum of complications (acute and chronic) of sickle cell disease and the associated factors among Nigerian children and adolescents residing in southwestern Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among children and adolescents with SCD in southwestern Nigeria from January 2021 to June 2022. We obtained relevant information from the caregivers and verified this using case record files and physical examinations to identify past or present evidence of complications. Results: Among the 100 children and adolescents recruited, 34 (34.0%) had at least one complication of SCD, 21 (61.8%) of whom were males. Osteomyelitis was the most common complication 20 (58.8%)] of 34 patients. The variables associated with complications were age, hospital admissions, total white blood cell count, and liver size. After adjusting for confounders, the variables associated with complications were adolescent age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 7.8, 95% confidence interval (CI)] of 1.806–33.225, hepatomegaly of 2.0–5.0 cm with an AOR of 4.8 (95% CI of 1.199–18.782), and hepatomegaly greater than 5.0 cm with an AOR of 8.8 (95% CI of 1.989–38.676). Conclusion: This study revealed that one-third of SCD children and adolescents experienced at least one complication, and half experienced osteomyelitis. Being an adolescent and the presence of hepatomegaly increased the odds of complications of SCD.
SN - 1471-2431
ER -