Zoogeochemical engineers: Galapagos giant tortoises link terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems through sediment transport and nutrient dynamics
- 1University of California Santa Cruz, University of California Berkeley, Yale University
Abstract
Animal movements can transport materials across ecosystem boundaries, while simultaneously modifying habitats through physical engineering. We integrated GPS telemetry, camera trapping, sediment measurements and physicochemical sampling of ponds on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, to evaluate how giant tortoises connect and shape terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Telemetry revealed 2,254 visits by 21 tortoises to 12 ponds, with visits lasting up to 21.38 h and showing strong seasonal and diel variation, while camera traps showed peak pond use in January and during early morning and late afternoon. Greater tortoise abundance was associated with higher ammonium, dissolved organic carbon and total phosphorus concentrations, while ponds with persistently greater tortoise abundance had higher total suspended solids. Departing tortoises carried a mean 505.9 g of sediment, yielding a conservative potential export of 8.20 kg per tortoise per year and tens of tonnes annually. These findings identify giant tortoises as mobile zoogeochemical engineers linking terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems through physical and biogeochemical pathways.
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BibTeX
@misc{soto2026zoogeochemical,
title = {{Zoogeochemical engineers: Galapagos giant tortoises link terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems through sediment transport and nutrient dynamics}},
author = {D. Ellis Soto and V. Crespo-Perez and C. L. Pike and F. Cabrera and C. Penafiel and H. Pierre-Paul and C. L. Dutton and S. Blake and D. M. Post and A. L. Subalusky},
howpublished = {bioRxiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.64898/2026.10.01.756004},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.01.756004v1},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Zoogeochemical engineers: Galapagos giant tortoises link terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems through sediment transport and nutrient dynamics
AU - D. Ellis Soto
AU - V. Crespo-Perez
AU - C. L. Pike
AU - F. Cabrera
AU - C. Penafiel
AU - H. Pierre-Paul
AU - C. L. Dutton
AU - S. Blake
AU - D. M. Post
AU - A. L. Subalusky
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
PB - bioRxiv
DO - 10.64898/2026.10.01.756004
UR - https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.01.756004v1
AB - Animal movements can transport materials across ecosystem boundaries, while simultaneously modifying habitats through physical engineering. We integrated GPS telemetry, camera trapping, sediment measurements and physicochemical sampling of ponds on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, to evaluate how giant tortoises connect and shape terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Telemetry revealed 2,254 visits by 21 tortoises to 12 ponds, with visits lasting up to 21.38 h and showing strong seasonal and diel variation, while camera traps showed peak pond use in January and during early morning and late afternoon. Greater tortoise abundance was associated with higher ammonium, dissolved organic carbon and total phosphorus concentrations, while ponds with persistently greater tortoise abundance had higher total suspended solids. Departing tortoises carried a mean 505.9 g of sediment, yielding a conservative potential export of 8.20 kg per tortoise per year and tens of tonnes annually. These findings identify giant tortoises as mobile zoogeochemical engineers linking terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems through physical and biogeochemical pathways.
ER -