Nutritional Risk, Weight Loss, and Inflammatory Profiles During Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Correlates in Patients with Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma
7 affiliations
- 1Department of Hematology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Türkiye
- 2School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Türkiye
- 3Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Türkiye
- 4Department of Internal Medicine, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Türkiye
- 5Department of Biostatistics, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Türkiye
- 6Department of Radiology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Türkiye
- 7Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, American Hospital, Istanbul 34365, Türkiye
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Nutritional deterioration during autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is driven by conditioning-related gastrointestinal toxicity, reduced oral intake, inflammatory stress, and catabolism. We evaluated the relationships among NRS-2002 nutritional risk, admission-to-discharge change in measured body weight, nutrition-impact symptoms, inflammatory markers, and clinical characteristics in patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Methods: This retrospective, single-center observational cohort included 131 adults undergoing ASCT for lymphoma (n = 74) or multiple myeloma (n = 57) between 2022 and 2024. Nutritional risk was assessed at admission using NRS-2002, and measured body-weight change, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), nutritional support, nutrition-impact symptoms, and length of stay were evaluated. A ≥5% reduction in measured body weight was used as a pragmatic exploratory threshold, not as a diagnostic malnutrition criterion. Results: High nutritional risk (NRS-2002 ≥ 3) was present in 33/131 patients (25%), while 118/131 (90%) had a lower measured discharge weight and 53/131 (40%) met the ≥5% threshold. NRS-2002 was not significantly associated with CRP, albumin, NLR, percentage measured body-weight reduction, or length of stay. In exploratory multivariable analysis (complete-case n = 92; 37 events), multiple myeloma was associated with lower odds of meeting the threshold than lymphoma (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.07–0.56; p = 0.002), whereas higher admission BMI was associated with higher odds (OR, 1.12 per kg/m2; 95% CI, 1.01–1.24; p = 0.03). A continuous-outcome model also showed less measured body-weight reduction in multiple myeloma (β, −1.9 percentage points; p = 0.005), while the BMI association was borderline (p = 0.051). Conclusions: Reductions in measured body weight and nutrition-impact symptoms were common during ASCT. Because detailed fluid-related data were unavailable, measured weight change cannot be assumed to represent tissue loss. Admission NRS-2002 screening and subsequent acute weight change are related but distinct assessments. The diagnosis association may reflect unmeasured transplant-related differences, and the BMI association was not robust in sensitivity analyses.
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BibTeX
@article{balik2026nutritional,
title = {{Nutritional Risk, Weight Loss, and Inflammatory Profiles During Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Correlates in Patients with Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma}},
author = {Berrin Balik and Defne Beybolat and Osama Alabdullah and Hande Erkaya and Nur I. Genc and Barıs Gerenli and Elif Ertas and Zeynep Atceken and Tugce Aytulu and Taner Tan and Khayala Mammadova and Emre Osmanbasoglu and Umit Barbaros Ure and Olga Meltem Akay and Sinem Civriz Bozdag},
journal = {Nutrients},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/nu18213636},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/21/3636},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Nutritional Risk, Weight Loss, and Inflammatory Profiles During Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Correlates in Patients with Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma
AU - Berrin Balik
AU - Defne Beybolat
AU - Osama Alabdullah
AU - Hande Erkaya
AU - Nur I. Genc
AU - Barıs Gerenli
AU - Elif Ertas
AU - Zeynep Atceken
AU - Tugce Aytulu
AU - Taner Tan
AU - Khayala Mammadova
AU - Emre Osmanbasoglu
AU - Umit Barbaros Ure
AU - Olga Meltem Akay
AU - Sinem Civriz Bozdag
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/31
JO - Nutrients
DO - 10.3390/nu18213636
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/21/3636
AB - Background/Objectives: Nutritional deterioration during autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is driven by conditioning-related gastrointestinal toxicity, reduced oral intake, inflammatory stress, and catabolism. We evaluated the relationships among NRS-2002 nutritional risk, admission-to-discharge change in measured body weight, nutrition-impact symptoms, inflammatory markers, and clinical characteristics in patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Methods: This retrospective, single-center observational cohort included 131 adults undergoing ASCT for lymphoma (n = 74) or multiple myeloma (n = 57) between 2022 and 2024. Nutritional risk was assessed at admission using NRS-2002, and measured body-weight change, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), nutritional support, nutrition-impact symptoms, and length of stay were evaluated. A ≥5% reduction in measured body weight was used as a pragmatic exploratory threshold, not as a diagnostic malnutrition criterion. Results: High nutritional risk (NRS-2002 ≥ 3) was present in 33/131 patients (25%), while 118/131 (90%) had a lower measured discharge weight and 53/131 (40%) met the ≥5% threshold. NRS-2002 was not significantly associated with CRP, albumin, NLR, percentage measured body-weight reduction, or length of stay. In exploratory multivariable analysis (complete-case n = 92; 37 events), multiple myeloma was associated with lower odds of meeting the threshold than lymphoma (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.07–0.56; p = 0.002), whereas higher admission BMI was associated with higher odds (OR, 1.12 per kg/m2; 95% CI, 1.01–1.24; p = 0.03). A continuous-outcome model also showed less measured body-weight reduction in multiple myeloma (β, −1.9 percentage points; p = 0.005), while the BMI association was borderline (p = 0.051). Conclusions: Reductions in measured body weight and nutrition-impact symptoms were common during ASCT. Because detailed fluid-related data were unavailable, measured weight change cannot be assumed to represent tissue loss. Admission NRS-2002 screening and subsequent acute weight change are related but distinct assessments. The diagnosis association may reflect unmeasured transplant-related differences, and the BMI association was not robust in sensitivity analyses.
SN - 2072-6643
ER -