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Peer-reviewedCC BYJournal of Environmental Management

Sustainable phosphorus delivery using advanced slow-release fertilizers: A review

  • Harleen Kaur1
  • Gurwinder Singh2
  • Kavitha Ramadass1
  • Ehsan Tavakkoli3
  • Lukas VAN ZWIETEN4
  • Ajayan Vinu5
5 affiliations
  1. 1Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Science, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Center for High Performance Soils, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
  2. 2Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Science, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Center for High Performance Soils, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected]
  3. 3School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
  4. 4NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW, Australia; Cooperative Research Center for High Performance Soils, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
  5. 5Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Science, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Center for High Performance Soils, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected]
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Abstract

Phosphorus, an indispensable macronutrient, is crucial for global agricultural productivity; however, its inefficient use and environmental losses are critical drawbacks. The current review comprehensively explores the chemistry, transformations, and dynamics of P in soil, and clarifies how P stratification, pH, and interactions with organic matter affect P's bioavailability. The changing field of P-based slow-release fertilizer research is systematically mapped using timeline analysis and keyword co-occurrence network analysis to identify key knowledge clusters and new avenues for investigation. The review critically assesses the agronomic performance and ecological effects of P fertilizers by further classifying them into water-soluble, citrate-soluble, and citrate-insoluble forms. Furthermore, the mechanism-based classification of slow-release fertilizers is discussed in comprehensive detail. The constraints imposed by inefficient P use and the resulting need for sophisticated fertilizer technologies are given particular attention. Recent nanotechnological developments in layered double hydroxides, graphene oxides, nanohydroxyapatite, polymeric nanomaterials, and nanoclays are examined as promising approaches to increase P availability while reducing environmental hazards. The review also covers sequential extraction techniques for measuring soil P fractions, providing insights into interactions between fertilizer and soil. All things considered, this paper emphasizes the critical need for a paradigm change towards slow-release, precision-engineered P fertilizers that balance environmental stewardship with agricultural productivity.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{kaur2026sustainable,
  title = {{Sustainable phosphorus delivery using advanced slow-release fertilizers: A review}},
  author = {Harleen Kaur and Gurwinder Singh and Kavitha Ramadass and Ehsan Tavakkoli and Lukas VAN ZWIETEN and Ajayan Vinu},
  journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
  year = {2026},
  month = may,
  doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2026.130033},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2026.130033},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Sustainable phosphorus delivery using advanced slow-release fertilizers: A review
AU  - Harleen Kaur
AU  - Gurwinder Singh
AU  - Kavitha Ramadass
AU  - Ehsan Tavakkoli
AU  - Lukas VAN ZWIETEN
AU  - Ajayan Vinu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/05/25
JO  - Journal of Environmental Management
DO  - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2026.130033
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2026.130033
AB  - Phosphorus, an indispensable macronutrient, is crucial for global agricultural productivity; however, its inefficient use and environmental losses are critical drawbacks. The current review comprehensively explores the chemistry, transformations, and dynamics of P in soil, and clarifies how P stratification, pH, and interactions with organic matter affect P's bioavailability. The changing field of P-based slow-release fertilizer research is systematically mapped using timeline analysis and keyword co-occurrence network analysis to identify key knowledge clusters and new avenues for investigation. The review critically assesses the agronomic performance and ecological effects of P fertilizers by further classifying them into water-soluble, citrate-soluble, and citrate-insoluble forms. Furthermore, the mechanism-based classification of slow-release fertilizers is discussed in comprehensive detail. The constraints imposed by inefficient P use and the resulting need for sophisticated fertilizer technologies are given particular attention. Recent nanotechnological developments in layered double hydroxides, graphene oxides, nanohydroxyapatite, polymeric nanomaterials, and nanoclays are examined as promising approaches to increase P availability while reducing environmental hazards. The review also covers sequential extraction techniques for measuring soil P fractions, providing insights into interactions between fertilizer and soil. All things considered, this paper emphasizes the critical need for a paradigm change towards slow-release, precision-engineered P fertilizers that balance environmental stewardship with agricultural productivity.
SN  - 0301-4797
SN  - 1095-8630
ER  -