Decomposing URLLC Deadline Failures in Beam-Managed 6G Networks: Implications for Mission-Critical Wireless Systems
Abstract
Mission-critical wireless systems require ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), which sixth-generation (6G) millimeter-wave (mmWave) beam-managed networks are designed to provide. However, the reported URLLC deadline miss rate often masks the specific causes of packet failures. This paper introduces a framework that categorizes missed URLLC packets into three causes: queueing-limited (Q), transmission-limited (T), and beam-tracking-limited (B). Our analysis across ten scenarios with antenna counts from 64 to 4096 reveals three key findings. First, the dominant cause of missed packets shifts from Q to B when the antenna count exceeds roughly 1825. Therefore, operators of hyper-massive arrays should focus on improving beam-tracking accuracy to reduce the miss rate. Second, the beam-sweep period (Tsw) significantly affects B-misses, while Q and T remain relatively unchanged. Reducing Tsw from 20ms to 10ms can cut the B-misses by more than half, without requiring a redesign of the scheduler. Third, Q-misses reach a cumulative distribution function (CDF) of approximately 0.98 by 0.8ms, so modest latency-budget relaxation can accommodate most overruns. In contrast, B-misses remain unsaturated at 12ms, making them difficult to accommodate within practical application-layer latency limits. Overall, this framework transforms an ambiguous aggregate miss-rate metric into a clear three-way diagnostic tool that directly informs remedial actions for network operators.
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BibTeX
@misc{montlouis2026decomposing,
title = {{Decomposing URLLC Deadline Failures in Beam-Managed 6G Networks: Implications for Mission-Critical Wireless Systems}},
author = {Webert Montlouis and Sneihil Gopal},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.22411},
eprint = {2610.22411},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.22411},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Decomposing URLLC Deadline Failures in Beam-Managed 6G Networks: Implications for Mission-Critical Wireless Systems
AU - Webert Montlouis
AU - Sneihil Gopal
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/14
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.22411
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.22411
AB - Mission-critical wireless systems require ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), which sixth-generation (6G) millimeter-wave (mmWave) beam-managed networks are designed to provide. However, the reported URLLC deadline miss rate often masks the specific causes of packet failures. This paper introduces a framework that categorizes missed URLLC packets into three causes: queueing-limited (Q), transmission-limited (T), and beam-tracking-limited (B). Our analysis across ten scenarios with antenna counts from 64 to 4096 reveals three key findings. First, the dominant cause of missed packets shifts from Q to B when the antenna count exceeds roughly 1825. Therefore, operators of hyper-massive arrays should focus on improving beam-tracking accuracy to reduce the miss rate. Second, the beam-sweep period (T_sw) significantly affects B-misses, while Q and T remain relatively unchanged. Reducing T_sw from 20ms to 10ms can cut the B-misses by more than half, without requiring a redesign of the scheduler. Third, Q-misses reach a cumulative distribution function (CDF) of approximately 0.98 by 0.8ms, so modest latency-budget relaxation can accommodate most overruns. In contrast, B-misses remain unsaturated at 12ms, making them difficult to accommodate within practical application-layer latency limits. Overall, this framework transforms an ambiguous aggregate miss-rate metric into a clear three-way diagnostic tool that directly informs remedial actions for network operators.
ER -