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Peer-reviewedCC BYIndustrial & Engineering Chemistry Research

Interactions of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ZIF-8 with Solvents: Implications for Stability in Polymer Composites

  • Crivian Pelisser1,2
  • Atefeh Shokrgozar3
  • Timothy Warner3
  • I. L. Graff4,5
  • Charles‐François de Lannoy3
  • Daniel Eiras5,6,1
6 affiliations
  1. 1Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, University Federal of Paraná, Rua Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos, s/n° - 81531-980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
  2. 2SENAI Santa Catarina University Center − UniSENAI, Campus Chapecó Rua Frei Bruno 201E, 89803-800 Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
  3. 3Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Main Street West, 1280, L8S 4L7 Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
  4. 4Department of Physics
  5. 5Federal University of Paraná
  6. 6Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department
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Abstract

High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) are a subclass of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) that have been investigated for applications in adsorption processes, gas separation, catalysis, drug delivery, and sensors due to their microporous structure. Additionally, ZIF-8 nanoparticles have been applied in polymer composites including membrane technology; however, fewer studies have considered the chemical stability of ZIF-8 in the presence of organic solvents, which are used to dissolve polymers. The aim of this work is to quantify the impact of water and NMP (common solvents for the synthesis of mixed matrix membranes) on the crystalline structure and microstructure of ZIF-8 over time. Two ZIF-8 particles were studied: 1) ZIF-8S, synthesized using methanol as solvent, with a particle size of 50 nm and a zeta potential (ZP) of −5.5 ± 1.1 mV, and 2) ZIF-8C, a commercial Basolite ZIF-8, with a particle size of 100–500 nm and a ZP of 9.1 ± 1.5 mV. After 24 h of hydrothermal treatment, ZIF-8C showed a minimal decrease in crystallinity, while ZIF-8S experienced a reduction of nearly 50% in crystallinity. Stirring ZIF-8S and ZIF-8C in NMP also resulted in measurable changes in the crystalline structure, particularly for ZIF-8C, which had a 43% reduction in surface area compared to ZIF-8S, which only had a 25% reduction. XPS revealed that ZIF-8C and ZIF-8S exhibit the characteristic surface chemistry of ZIF-8, with ZIF-8C showing a Zn:N ratio (0.24) consistent with a defect-free surface, while ZIF-8S presents a higher ratio (0.31) indicative of some surface defects. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) provided evidence for the presence of imidazole in ZIF-8S and ZIF-8C samples after treatment, which indicate structural degradation. These results demonstrate the need to consider solvent effects on the stability and performance of ZIF-8, particularly when incorporating MOFs into polymer composites such as mixed matrix membranes.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{pelisser2026interactions,
  title = {{Interactions of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ZIF-8 with Solvents: Implications for Stability in Polymer Composites}},
  author = {Crivian Pelisser and Atefeh Shokrgozar and Timothy Warner and I. L. Graff and Charles‐François de Lannoy and Daniel Eiras},
  journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research},
  year = {2026},
  month = may,
  doi = {10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00240},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00240},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Interactions of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ZIF-8 with Solvents: Implications for Stability in Polymer Composites
AU  - Crivian Pelisser
AU  - Atefeh Shokrgozar
AU  - Timothy Warner
AU  - I. L. Graff
AU  - Charles‐François de Lannoy
AU  - Daniel Eiras
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/05/20
JO  - Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
DO  - 10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00240
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6c00240
AB  - High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) are a subclass of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) that have been investigated for applications in adsorption processes, gas separation, catalysis, drug delivery, and sensors due to their microporous structure. Additionally, ZIF-8 nanoparticles have been applied in polymer composites including membrane technology; however, fewer studies have considered the chemical stability of ZIF-8 in the presence of organic solvents, which are used to dissolve polymers. The aim of this work is to quantify the impact of water and NMP (common solvents for the synthesis of mixed matrix membranes) on the crystalline structure and microstructure of ZIF-8 over time. Two ZIF-8 particles were studied: 1) ZIF-8S, synthesized using methanol as solvent, with a particle size of 50 nm and a zeta potential (ZP) of −5.5 ± 1.1 mV, and 2) ZIF-8C, a commercial Basolite ZIF-8, with a particle size of 100–500 nm and a ZP of 9.1 ± 1.5 mV. After 24 h of hydrothermal treatment, ZIF-8C showed a minimal decrease in crystallinity, while ZIF-8S experienced a reduction of nearly 50% in crystallinity. Stirring ZIF-8S and ZIF-8C in NMP also resulted in measurable changes in the crystalline structure, particularly for ZIF-8C, which had a 43% reduction in surface area compared to ZIF-8S, which only had a 25% reduction. XPS revealed that ZIF-8C and ZIF-8S exhibit the characteristic surface chemistry of ZIF-8, with ZIF-8C showing a Zn:N ratio (0.24) consistent with a defect-free surface, while ZIF-8S presents a higher ratio (0.31) indicative of some surface defects. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) provided evidence for the presence of imidazole in ZIF-8S and ZIF-8C samples after treatment, which indicate structural degradation. These results demonstrate the need to consider solvent effects on the stability and performance of ZIF-8, particularly when incorporating MOFs into polymer composites such as mixed matrix membranes.
SN  - 0888-5885
SN  - 1520-5045
ER  -