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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Plant Science

Starch synthesis enzymes mediate oxidative stress-induced grain quality decline in rice under saline-alkali stress

  • Xiaotian Gu1
  • Mengyan Sun1
  • Yan Du2
  • Guxi Gao3
  • Ruchao Yin1
  • Gongneng Feng1
  • Bin Peng1
  1. 1Yellow Sea Wetland Biological Resources and Green Intelligent Manufacturing Institute, Yancheng Institute of Technology
  2. 2Jiangsu Hufeng Grain & Oil Investment Development Co., Ltd.
  3. 3Funing County Agricultural Technology Extension Center
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Abstract

Introduction: Soil salinization is a major constraint on rice production and grain quality, yet the physiological mechanisms linking saline-alkali stress to grain quality deterioration remain poorly understood.

Methods: This study investigated the physiological cascade through which saline-alkali stress deteriorates grain quality, using four rice genotypes of contrasting salt tolerance as physiological models. Plants were grown under control and saline-alkali stress (3.0‰ soil salt) conditions, and grain quality, starch enzymes, oxidative stress markers, and starch structure were analyzed at key developmental stages.

Results: Saline-alkali stress significantly inhibited AGPase, GBSS, SSS, and SBE activities across grain filling (15–45 DAP), with AGPase, SSS, and SBE showing the most pronounced suppression at 15 DAP, while GBSS exhibited a milder, genotype-dependent response. MDA accumulated markedly with genotype-dependent SOD/CAT imbalances. Correlation network analysis identified AGPase, SSS, and SBE as central hub nodes. XRD revealed reduced crystallinity; SEM showed altered granule morphology. Amylose increased while total starch decreased, reflecting carbon flux rerouting.

Discussion: These findings delineate a physiological cascade of oxidative stress leading to enzyme inhibition, carbon-nitrogen imbalance, crystalline disruption, and quality deterioration, providing targets for genetic improvement. Future studies using ROS scavengers or gene editing are needed to establish causality.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{gu2026starch,
  title = {{Starch synthesis enzymes mediate oxidative stress-induced grain quality decline in rice under saline-alkali stress}},
  author = {Xiaotian Gu and Mengyan Sun and Yan Du and Guxi Gao and Ruchao Yin and Gongneng Feng and Bin Peng},
  journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fpls.2026.1955582},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955582/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Starch synthesis enzymes mediate oxidative stress-induced grain quality decline in rice under saline-alkali stress
AU  - Xiaotian Gu
AU  - Mengyan Sun
AU  - Yan Du
AU  - Guxi Gao
AU  - Ruchao Yin
AU  - Gongneng Feng
AU  - Bin Peng
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/19
JO  - Frontiers in Plant Science
DO  - 10.3389/fpls.2026.1955582
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1955582/full
AB  - Introduction: Soil salinization is a major constraint on rice production and grain quality, yet the physiological mechanisms linking saline-alkali stress to grain quality deterioration remain poorly understood.  Methods: This study investigated the physiological cascade through which saline-alkali stress deteriorates grain quality, using four rice genotypes of contrasting salt tolerance as physiological models. Plants were grown under control and saline-alkali stress (3.0‰ soil salt) conditions, and grain quality, starch enzymes, oxidative stress markers, and starch structure were analyzed at key developmental stages.  Results: Saline-alkali stress significantly inhibited AGPase, GBSS, SSS, and SBE activities across grain filling (15–45 DAP), with AGPase, SSS, and SBE showing the most pronounced suppression at 15 DAP, while GBSS exhibited a milder, genotype-dependent response. MDA accumulated markedly with genotype-dependent SOD/CAT imbalances. Correlation network analysis identified AGPase, SSS, and SBE as central hub nodes. XRD revealed reduced crystallinity; SEM showed altered granule morphology. Amylose increased while total starch decreased, reflecting carbon flux rerouting.  Discussion: These findings delineate a physiological cascade of oxidative stress leading to enzyme inhibition, carbon-nitrogen imbalance, crystalline disruption, and quality deterioration, providing targets for genetic improvement. Future studies using ROS scavengers or gene editing are needed to establish causality.
SN  - 1664-462X
ER  -