Pressure and Size Dependence of Roton Emission and Vortex Creation by Moving Objects in He~II in T → 0 Limit: Generalized Nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii Model
Abstract
In the framework of generalized, nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) model, we study numerically the pressure- and size-dependent mechanisms of roton emission and vortex nucleation by objects moving in superfluid 4He. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first attempt to analyze the pressure dependence of these mechanisms and the associated critical velocities within a single theoretical framework. For each of several pressures in the range from 0 to the solidification pressure of ≈25~bar, we chose the parameters of the interatomic interaction potential such that the resulting excitation spectrum for the generalized, nonlocal GP equation approximates fairly accurately the pressure-dependent dispersion curve determined experimentally by Godfrin \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. B \textbf{103}, 104516 (2021). In the two-dimensional approximation, for circular obstacles (disks) moving in quiescent 4He, we calculated two critical velocities -- one corresponding to the roton emission and the other to the nucleation of quantized vortices -- as functions of pressure and the obstacle's size. We also comment briefly on three-dimensional simulations of the roton emission and vortex nucleation by moving spherical obstacles.
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BibTeX
@misc{muller2026pressure,
title = {{Pressure and Size Dependence of Roton Emission and Vortex Creation by Moving Objects in He~II in $T \to 0$ Limit: Generalized Nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii Model}},
author = {Nicolás Pablo Müller and Ladislav Skrbek and Yuri A. Sergeev and Giorgio Krstulovic},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2605.24075},
eprint = {2605.24075},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24075},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Pressure and Size Dependence of Roton Emission and Vortex Creation by Moving Objects in He~II in T → 0 Limit: Generalized Nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii Model
AU - Nicolás Pablo Müller
AU - Ladislav Skrbek
AU - Yuri A. Sergeev
AU - Giorgio Krstulovic
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/09
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2605.24075
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24075
AB - In the framework of generalized, nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) model, we study numerically the pressure- and size-dependent mechanisms of roton emission and vortex nucleation by objects moving in superfluid ^4He. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first attempt to analyze the pressure dependence of these mechanisms and the associated critical velocities within a single theoretical framework. For each of several pressures in the range from 0 to the solidification pressure of ≈25~bar, we chose the parameters of the interatomic interaction potential such that the resulting excitation spectrum for the generalized, nonlocal GP equation approximates fairly accurately the pressure-dependent dispersion curve determined experimentally by Godfrin \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. B \textbf{103}, 104516 (2021). In the two-dimensional approximation, for circular obstacles (disks) moving in quiescent ^4He, we calculated two critical velocities -- one corresponding to the roton emission and the other to the nucleation of quantized vortices -- as functions of pressure and the obstacle's size. We also comment briefly on three-dimensional simulations of the roton emission and vortex nucleation by moving spherical obstacles.
ER -