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PreprintCC BYChemRxiv

Uncovering the high efficiency of aromatic aldehydes as energy transfer photocatalysts

  • Maria A. Theodoropoulou1
  • Christiana Mantzourani1
  • Olga G. Mountanea1
  • E. Alexandros Routsi1
  • Naya A. Stini1
  • Stamatis K. Serviou1
  • Charikleia S. Batsika1
  • Demeter Tzeli2,3
  • Christoforos G Kokotos
  • George Kokotos1
  1. 1Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece, 15771
  2. 2Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, Greece, 15771
  3. 3Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., Athens, Greece, 11635
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Abstract

The diverse synthetic applications offered by the — so far not widely explored — excited-state catalysis has intensified the need for development of new EnT catalysts. Herein, we uncover the high efficiency of an unrecognized class, aromatic aldehydes, as EnT photocatalysts. Structure-catalytic efficiency relationship studies on a wide range of common, commercially available and cheap aromatic aldehydes led to the discovery that several aldehydes, for example biphenyl-4-carboxaldehyde, 1-naphthaldehyde and 2-methoxy-1-naphthaldehyde, are highly efficient catalysts for [2+2] cycloadditions and isomerizations under UVA irradiation. To explore the theoretical underpinnings of this catalysis, computational studies combined with principal component analysis suggested that both energy factors and aromaticity/antiaromaticity of ground and excited states contribute to the overall outcome. A wide substrate scope for cyclobutanes/cyclobutenes construction by the addition of alkenes/alkynes to N -arylmaleimides along with dimethyl fumarate isomerization and the dimerization of cinnamates to truxinates demonstrated the wide potential of aromatic aldehydes, expanding the EnT photocatalyst-space.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{theodoropoulou2026uncovering,
  title = {{Uncovering the high efficiency of aromatic aldehydes as energy transfer photocatalysts}},
  author = {Maria A. Theodoropoulou and Christiana Mantzourani and Olga G. Mountanea and E. Alexandros Routsi and Naya A. Stini and Stamatis K. Serviou and Charikleia S. Batsika and Demeter Tzeli and Christoforos G Kokotos and George Kokotos},
  howpublished = {ChemRxiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.26434/chemrxiv.15008199/v1},
  url = {https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15008199/v1},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Uncovering the high efficiency of aromatic aldehydes as energy transfer photocatalysts
AU  - Maria A. Theodoropoulou
AU  - Christiana Mantzourani
AU  - Olga G. Mountanea
AU  - E. Alexandros Routsi
AU  - Naya A. Stini
AU  - Stamatis K. Serviou
AU  - Charikleia S. Batsika
AU  - Demeter Tzeli
AU  - Christoforos G Kokotos
AU  - George Kokotos
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/02
PB  - ChemRxiv
DO  - 10.26434/chemrxiv.15008199/v1
UR  - https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15008199/v1
AB  - The diverse synthetic applications offered by the — so far not widely explored — excited-state catalysis has intensified the need for development of new EnT catalysts. Herein, we uncover the high efficiency of an unrecognized class, aromatic aldehydes, as EnT photocatalysts. Structure-catalytic efficiency relationship studies on a wide range of common, commercially available and cheap aromatic aldehydes led to the discovery that several aldehydes, for example biphenyl-4-carboxaldehyde, 1-naphthaldehyde and 2-methoxy-1-naphthaldehyde, are highly efficient catalysts for [2+2] cycloadditions and isomerizations under UVA irradiation. To explore the theoretical underpinnings of this catalysis, computational studies combined with principal component analysis suggested that both energy factors and aromaticity/antiaromaticity of ground and excited states contribute to the overall outcome. A wide substrate scope for cyclobutanes/cyclobutenes construction by the addition of alkenes/alkynes to N -arylmaleimides along with dimethyl fumarate isomerization and the dimerization of cinnamates to truxinates demonstrated the wide potential of aromatic aldehydes, expanding the EnT photocatalyst-space.
ER  -