Probing anomalous Wtb couplings through bW spin correlations in top-quark pair production at the HL-LHC

Abstract

We propose a spin-density-matrix framework for probing anomalous Wtb interactions in top-quark pair production by exploiting the polarizations of the b quark and the W boson and their spin correlations. The b-quark spin is analyzed through angular distributions in semileptonic Λ_b decay following fragmentation, while the leptonic W decay serves as a W-polarization analyzer. We derive the bW spin density matrix in the presence of anomalous Wtb couplings and show that its polarization and spin-correlation parameters provide linear sensitivity to these couplings. We construct experimentally accessible angular observables associated with these parameters and evaluate their statistical sensitivities. For the HL-LHC at √s=14 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb⁻¹, the proposed method yields improved constraints on most anomalous $W t b$ couplings, with the sensitivity to V_R enhanced by a factor of 8 and that to g_L by a factor of about 6.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{bi2026probing,
  title = {{Probing anomalous $Wtb$ couplings through $bW$ spin correlations in top-quark pair production at the HL-LHC}},
  author = {Qi Bi and Zekun Li and Chuntao Liu and Jia Liu and Xiao-Ping Wang},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.04971},
  eprint = {2610.04971},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.04971},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Probing anomalous Wtb couplings through bW spin correlations in top-quark pair production at the HL-LHC
AU  - Qi Bi
AU  - Zekun Li
AU  - Chuntao Liu
AU  - Jia Liu
AU  - Xiao-Ping Wang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/04
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.04971
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.04971
AB  - We propose a spin-density-matrix framework for probing anomalous Wtb interactions in top-quark pair production by exploiting the polarizations of the b quark and the W boson and their spin correlations. The b-quark spin is analyzed through angular distributions in semileptonic Λ_b decay following fragmentation, while the leptonic W decay serves as a W-polarization analyzer. We derive the bW spin density matrix in the presence of anomalous Wtb couplings and show that its polarization and spin-correlation parameters provide linear sensitivity to these couplings. We construct experimentally accessible angular observables associated with these parameters and evaluate their statistical sensitivities. For the HL-LHC at √s=14 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb^−1, the proposed method yields improved constraints on most anomalous $W t b$ couplings, with the sensitivity to V_R enhanced by a factor of 8 and that to g_L by a factor of about 6.
ER  -

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