FAUST XXXII. Chemically layered structures and ionisation in the disk and envelope of NGC 1333 IRAS 4C
Abstract
Recent molecular line observations with high spatial resolutions have revealed vertical chemical stratification in Class I/II disks (i.e. chemical composition changing with height in the vertical direction of the disk), as well as a radial variation of ionisation rates. However, such chemical layered structures in Class 0 disk and envelope systems have been investigated only for limited objects, such as L1527. In the context of the ALMA Large Program FAUST, we report the results of molecular line observations toward the disk and envelope around the low-mass Class 0 protostar NGC 1333 IRAS 4C in the Perseus Molecular Cloud. Previous observations have shown that the disk rotation axis of this object is largely tilted to the line of sight, making it suitable for studying the molecular abundance distribution as a function of disk height. We found that the molecules known as gas density tracers such as C18O and H2CO are distributed around the disk midplane. In addition, molecules known as tracers of photochemical reactions such as CCH and c-C3H2 are distributed in the low-density upper layers of the disk, unlike the distribution in L1527. Moreover, the column density ratio of HCO+/CO derived from the H13CO+ and C18O line emission suggests that the ionisation degree and the ionisation rate vary with the disk radius and they are larger in the outer region of the disk and envelope.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{notsu2026faust,
title = {{FAUST XXXII. Chemically layered structures and ionisation in the disk and envelope of NGC 1333 IRAS 4C}},
author = {Shota Notsu and Nami Sakai and Yichen Zhang and Ana Lopez-Sepulcre and Claire J. Chandler and Ziwei E. Zhang and Cecilia Ceccarelli and Claudio Codella and Yuri Aikawa and Jaime E. Pineda and Brian Svoboda and Felipe O. Alves and Nadia Balucani and Eleonora Bianchi and Mathilde Bouvier and Gemma Busquet and Paola Caselli and Emmanuel Caux and Steven Charnley and Spandan Choudhury and Nicol as Cuello and Marta De Simone and Francois Dulieu and Aurora Duran and Lucy Evans and Cecile Favre and Siyi Feng and Davide Fedele and Francesco Fontani and Tetsuya Hama and Tomoyuki Hanawa and Eric Herbst and Shingo Hirano and Tomoya Hirota and Andrea Isella and Izaskun Jimenez-Serra and Doug Johnstone and Claudine Kahane and Romane Le Gal and Bertrand Lefloch and Laurent Loinard and Hauyu Baobab Liu and Antonio Martinez-Henares and Luke T. Maud and Maria Jose Maureira and Francois Menard and Seyma Mercimek and Anna Miotello and George Moellenbrock and Shoji Mori and Nadia M. Murillo and Riouhei Nakatani and Hideko Nomura and Yasuhiro Oba and Ross O'Donoghue and Satoshi Ohashi and Yuki Okoda and Juan Ospina-Zamudio and Yoko Oya and Linda Podio},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.28795},
eprint = {2610.28795},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28795},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - FAUST XXXII. Chemically layered structures and ionisation in the disk and envelope of NGC 1333 IRAS 4C
AU - Shota Notsu
AU - Nami Sakai
AU - Yichen Zhang
AU - Ana Lopez-Sepulcre
AU - Claire J. Chandler
AU - Ziwei E. Zhang
AU - Cecilia Ceccarelli
AU - Claudio Codella
AU - Yuri Aikawa
AU - Jaime E. Pineda
AU - Brian Svoboda
AU - Felipe O. Alves
AU - Nadia Balucani
AU - Eleonora Bianchi
AU - Mathilde Bouvier
AU - Gemma Busquet
AU - Paola Caselli
AU - Emmanuel Caux
AU - Steven Charnley
AU - Spandan Choudhury
AU - Nicol as Cuello
AU - Marta De Simone
AU - Francois Dulieu
AU - Aurora Duran
AU - Lucy Evans
AU - Cecile Favre
AU - Siyi Feng
AU - Davide Fedele
AU - Francesco Fontani
AU - Tetsuya Hama
AU - Tomoyuki Hanawa
AU - Eric Herbst
AU - Shingo Hirano
AU - Tomoya Hirota
AU - Andrea Isella
AU - Izaskun Jimenez-Serra
AU - Doug Johnstone
AU - Claudine Kahane
AU - Romane Le Gal
AU - Bertrand Lefloch
AU - Laurent Loinard
AU - Hauyu Baobab Liu
AU - Antonio Martinez-Henares
AU - Luke T. Maud
AU - Maria Jose Maureira
AU - Francois Menard
AU - Seyma Mercimek
AU - Anna Miotello
AU - George Moellenbrock
AU - Shoji Mori
AU - Nadia M. Murillo
AU - Riouhei Nakatani
AU - Hideko Nomura
AU - Yasuhiro Oba
AU - Ross O'Donoghue
AU - Satoshi Ohashi
AU - Yuki Okoda
AU - Juan Ospina-Zamudio
AU - Yoko Oya
AU - Linda Podio
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/20
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.28795
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28795
AB - Recent molecular line observations with high spatial resolutions have revealed vertical chemical stratification in Class I/II disks (i.e. chemical composition changing with height in the vertical direction of the disk), as well as a radial variation of ionisation rates. However, such chemical layered structures in Class 0 disk and envelope systems have been investigated only for limited objects, such as L1527. In the context of the ALMA Large Program FAUST, we report the results of molecular line observations toward the disk and envelope around the low-mass Class 0 protostar NGC 1333 IRAS 4C in the Perseus Molecular Cloud. Previous observations have shown that the disk rotation axis of this object is largely tilted to the line of sight, making it suitable for studying the molecular abundance distribution as a function of disk height. We found that the molecules known as gas density tracers such as C18O and H2CO are distributed around the disk midplane. In addition, molecules known as tracers of photochemical reactions such as CCH and c-C3H2 are distributed in the low-density upper layers of the disk, unlike the distribution in L1527. Moreover, the column density ratio of HCO+/CO derived from the H13CO+ and C18O line emission suggests that the ionisation degree and the ionisation rate vary with the disk radius and they are larger in the outer region of the disk and envelope.
ER -