Female-specific associations of glyoxalase 1 polymorphisms with schizophrenia in a Han Chinese case–control study
5 affiliations
- 1Department of Psychiatry
- 2Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang
- 3Maternal and Children’s Health Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan
- 4Institute of Neurology
- 5Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence suggests that glyoxalase 1 (Glo-1) may contribute to sex-specific phenotypes in schizophrenia. This study aims to investigate the sex-specific effects of Glo-1 polymorphisms on schizophrenia susceptibility.
Methods: Four Glo-1 genetic polymorphisms were genotyped using SNaPshot technology in a sample of 1214 schizophrenic patients and 1138 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
Results: Significant associations were found between schizophrenia and control groups in both genotypic [P = 0.044, false discovery rate (FDR) correction] and allelic (P = 0.036, FDR correction) distributions of the rs1781735 polymorphism, whereas no significant difference for rs9470916, rs4746, or rs1130534 (P > 0.05). Haplotype analysis for the rs9470916-rs1130534-rs4746-rs1781735 haplotype revealed significant associations with schizophrenia, particularly for the C-T-A-G haplotype, which was less frequent in schizophrenic patients than controls [odds ratio (OR) = 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.75–0.98, P = 0.024]. In sex-stratified analyses, significant associations in females were observed for rs1781735 (P = 0.020 for genotype, P = 0.004 for allele, FDR correction), rs1130534 (P = 0.037 for genotype, P = 0.011 for allele, FDR correction), and rs9470916 (P = 0.020 for genotype, P = 0.004 for allele, FDR correction). Furthermore, haplotype analysis identified female-specific associations for the C-T-A-G (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.59–0.91, P = 0.005) and A-A-A-T (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.08–1.75, P = 0.009) haplotypes, whereas no associations were detected in the male subgroup.
Conclusions: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in Glo-1 exhibited a female-specific association with schizophrenia in a Han Chinese cohort, suggesting a potential sex-specific role of Glo-1 in schizophrenia susceptibility.
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BibTeX
@article{yin2026femalespecific,
title = {{Female-specific associations of glyoxalase 1 polymorphisms with schizophrenia in a Han Chinese case–control study}},
author = {Amy Jing-Wen Yin and Wei-Wei Wang and Wenge Zhang and Xudong Luo and Susu Xiong and Chen Yan and Kangdu Chen and Zhun Dai and Yusheng Zhao and Zhixiong Lin and Guoda Ma and Dong Lv},
journal = {Psychiatric Genetics},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1097/ypg.0000000000000425},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1097/ypg.0000000000000425},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Female-specific associations of glyoxalase 1 polymorphisms with schizophrenia in a Han Chinese case–control study
AU - Amy Jing-Wen Yin
AU - Wei-Wei Wang
AU - Wenge Zhang
AU - Xudong Luo
AU - Susu Xiong
AU - Chen Yan
AU - Kangdu Chen
AU - Zhun Dai
AU - Yusheng Zhao
AU - Zhixiong Lin
AU - Guoda Ma
AU - Dong Lv
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/28
JO - Psychiatric Genetics
DO - 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000425
UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/ypg.0000000000000425
AB - Background: Emerging evidence suggests that glyoxalase 1 (Glo-1) may contribute to sex-specific phenotypes in schizophrenia. This study aims to investigate the sex-specific effects of Glo-1 polymorphisms on schizophrenia susceptibility. Methods: Four Glo-1 genetic polymorphisms were genotyped using SNaPshot technology in a sample of 1214 schizophrenic patients and 1138 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results: Significant associations were found between schizophrenia and control groups in both genotypic [P = 0.044, false discovery rate (FDR) correction] and allelic (P = 0.036, FDR correction) distributions of the rs1781735 polymorphism, whereas no significant difference for rs9470916, rs4746, or rs1130534 (P > 0.05). Haplotype analysis for the rs9470916-rs1130534-rs4746-rs1781735 haplotype revealed significant associations with schizophrenia, particularly for the C-T-A-G haplotype, which was less frequent in schizophrenic patients than controls [odds ratio (OR) = 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.75–0.98, P = 0.024]. In sex-stratified analyses, significant associations in females were observed for rs1781735 (P = 0.020 for genotype, P = 0.004 for allele, FDR correction), rs1130534 (P = 0.037 for genotype, P = 0.011 for allele, FDR correction), and rs9470916 (P = 0.020 for genotype, P = 0.004 for allele, FDR correction). Furthermore, haplotype analysis identified female-specific associations for the C-T-A-G (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.59–0.91, P = 0.005) and A-A-A-T (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.08–1.75, P = 0.009) haplotypes, whereas no associations were detected in the male subgroup. Conclusions: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in Glo-1 exhibited a female-specific association with schizophrenia in a Han Chinese cohort, suggesting a potential sex-specific role of Glo-1 in schizophrenia susceptibility.
SN - 0955-8829
SN - 1473-5873
ER -