Balancing Quasi-Bragg Regime and Velocity Selectivity in Quantum-Enhanced Atom Interferometry
Abstract
Spin squeezing in atomic ensembles enables atom interferometry with sensitivities below the shot-noise limit, but the associated entanglement is highly susceptible to loss, making imperfections in atom optics a central limitation. Bragg diffraction is an established technique for driving transitions between atomic momentum states and enables large-momentum transfer through higher-order diffraction while preserving the internal state. However, it is intrinsically limited by two competing mechanisms: Short light pulses induce parasitic diffraction into off-resonant orders beyond an effective two-level description, while long pulses face velocity selectivity. We derive analytical expressions in a second-quantized framework for the atom optics and phase uncertainty of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer including these effects. We demonstrate that sub-shot-noise scaling is achieved only in a regime of intermediate pulse duration. Furthermore, we show that deleterious effects of higher-order diffraction are partially mitigated by optimizing the input quantum state.
Versions
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BibTeX
@misc{karres2026balancing,
title = {{Balancing Quasi-Bragg Regime and Velocity Selectivity in Quantum-Enhanced Atom Interferometry}},
author = {Christian Miguel Karres and Daniel Derr and Enno Giese},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2605.21643},
eprint = {2605.21643},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.21643},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Balancing Quasi-Bragg Regime and Velocity Selectivity in Quantum-Enhanced Atom Interferometry
AU - Christian Miguel Karres
AU - Daniel Derr
AU - Enno Giese
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/02
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2605.21643
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.21643
AB - Spin squeezing in atomic ensembles enables atom interferometry with sensitivities below the shot-noise limit, but the associated entanglement is highly susceptible to loss, making imperfections in atom optics a central limitation. Bragg diffraction is an established technique for driving transitions between atomic momentum states and enables large-momentum transfer through higher-order diffraction while preserving the internal state. However, it is intrinsically limited by two competing mechanisms: Short light pulses induce parasitic diffraction into off-resonant orders beyond an effective two-level description, while long pulses face velocity selectivity. We derive analytical expressions in a second-quantized framework for the atom optics and phase uncertainty of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer including these effects. We demonstrate that sub-shot-noise scaling is achieved only in a regime of intermediate pulse duration. Furthermore, we show that deleterious effects of higher-order diffraction are partially mitigated by optimizing the input quantum state.
ER -