The Importance of Curium-250 to the γ-Ray Signature of r-Process Remnants
Abstract
Identifying the astrophysical sites of the heavy rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) remains one of the most prominent unsolved problems in nuclear astrophysics. Emitted γ-rays from the decay of unstable nuclei have been identified as a potential observable marker on both prompt and delayed timescales which could provide conclusive evidence of the presence of r-process activity. In this work, we identify and discuss the importance of 250Cm to the γ-ray spectra of remnants, showing that the decay spectrum of 250Cm dominates the γ-ray spectra of r-process ejecta across a broad timescale (∼ 2,000 - 20,000 years). We highlight the uncertain nature of this spectra: 250Cm may decay via α-decay, β-decay, and spontaneous fission, but the decay branchings are not experimentally known, and each decay channel produces unique spectral lines which may be observable. We examine the potential for observation of the most prominent spectral signatures, finding that for conventional neutron star merger remnants, γ-ray lines will be detectable in current and future detectors only in the very near galaxy (∼ 1 kpc), but other sites which could produce a larger ejecta mass may have greater observable distances. Our findings highlight the potential of actinide decay chains to indicate r-process nucleosynthesis and further underscore the necessity of measuring the nuclear properties that define their characteristic spectral signatures.
Related
- The MARTINI platform II. Tracing r-process nucleosynthesis in neutron star mergers with long-lived remnants
- Chemical complexity in feedback from supernova remnants: First detection of PO+ in IC443 and W44
- Measuring Small-scale Turbulence in Supernova Remnants with Jitter Radiation
- Estimation of Dust Mass from Infrared Emission and Extinction of Supernova Remnants: G93.7-0.2, G109.1-1.0, G156.2+5.7, and G166.0+4.3
- Estimation of Dust Mass from Infrared Emission and Extinction of Supernova Remnants: G93.7−0.2, G109.1−1.0, G156.2+5.7, and G166.0+4.3
BibTeX
@misc{gross2026importance,
title = {{The Importance of Curium-250 to the $γ$-Ray Signature of $r$-Process Remnants}},
author = {Axel Gross and Samuel Cupp and G. Wendell Misch and Matthew R. Mumpower},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.40907},
eprint = {2610.40907},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.40907},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - The Importance of Curium-250 to the γ-Ray Signature of r-Process Remnants
AU - Axel Gross
AU - Samuel Cupp
AU - G. Wendell Misch
AU - Matthew R. Mumpower
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/29
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.40907
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.40907
AB - Identifying the astrophysical sites of the heavy rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) remains one of the most prominent unsolved problems in nuclear astrophysics. Emitted γ-rays from the decay of unstable nuclei have been identified as a potential observable marker on both prompt and delayed timescales which could provide conclusive evidence of the presence of r-process activity. In this work, we identify and discuss the importance of ^250Cm to the γ-ray spectra of remnants, showing that the decay spectrum of ^250Cm dominates the γ-ray spectra of r-process ejecta across a broad timescale (∼ 2,000 - 20,000 years). We highlight the uncertain nature of this spectra: ^250Cm may decay via α-decay, β-decay, and spontaneous fission, but the decay branchings are not experimentally known, and each decay channel produces unique spectral lines which may be observable. We examine the potential for observation of the most prominent spectral signatures, finding that for conventional neutron star merger remnants, γ-ray lines will be detectable in current and future detectors only in the very near galaxy (∼ 1 kpc), but other sites which could produce a larger ejecta mass may have greater observable distances. Our findings highlight the potential of actinide decay chains to indicate r-process nucleosynthesis and further underscore the necessity of measuring the nuclear properties that define their characteristic spectral signatures.
ER -