The refractive index of the medium within the volume of deep inelastic ep scattering: I. Group velocity of interaction carriers

@misc{levchenko2026refractive,
  title = {{The refractive index of the medium within the volume of deep inelastic $ep$ scattering: I. Group velocity of interaction carriers}},
  author = {B. B. Levchenko},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.27626},
  eprint = {2609.27626},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.27626},
}

TY  - UNPB
TI  - The refractive index of the medium within the volume of deep inelastic ep scattering: I. Group velocity of interaction carriers
AU  - B. B. Levchenko
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/26
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.27626
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.27626
AB  - We propose a new method for measuring several characteristics of a fermion-boson medium formed during deep inelastic particle scattering. This method involves measuring the group and phase velocities of the accompanying wave process. The phase and group velocities of a wave process are related by the Rayleigh differential condition. The refractive index of a medium is determined by the phase velocity, while the group velocity characterises the medium's dispersion properties. In the case of deep inelastic ep scattering under consideration, the wave process in an individual event is understood to be the exchange between an electron and a proton of an effective, non-perturbative mediator of interaction (cal B) with the quantum numbers of a neutral current. In the first report, we present new data on the group velocity of interaction carriers cal B. We extracted the group velocity modulus values, U__cal B^*, from the HERA collider data using a formula derived from modified Heisenberg uncertainty relations and applying the indirect measurement method. The HERA data demonstrate that in the selected kinematic domain the speed of the mediator cal B exceeds the speed of light c in free space, U__cal B^* > c. To compare with the obtained data on group velocity, we analyse a simplest model of dispersion relation occurring due to the relativistic relationship between the energy, mass and momentum of a particle, supplemented by de Broglie relations.
ER  -