Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy Engineering for Skyrmion Thermal Stability and Pulsed-Current-Driven Dynamics in a Z-Junction Nanotrack
6 affiliations
- 1Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, A’Sharqiyah University, P.O. Box 42, Ibra PC 400, Oman
- 2Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
- 3Centro de Investigación Institucional, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile
- 4Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Viña del Mar, Agua Santa 7055, Rodelillo, Viña del Mar 2572007, Chile
- 5Department of Physics, University of Santiago de Chile, Av. Victor Jara 3493, Santiago 9170124, Metropolitan Region, Chile
- 6Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Innovación y Postgrado, Universidad Central de Chile, Toesca 1783, Santiago 8370178, Metropolitan Region, Chile
Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions are promising information carriers for nanoscale spintronic devices, but their use in confined structures requires control of both topological survival and current-driven motion. We investigate perpendicular magnetic anisotropy engineering in a Z-junction nanotrack using micromagnetic simulations. The anisotropy is varied from 0.70 to 1.00 MJ/m3 at 300 K for a junction depth of 50 nm, junction width of 5 nm, and pulsed current density of 1.8 × 1012 A/m2. Five independent thermal realisations are considered for each finite-temperature condition. No annihilation is observed for Ku = 0.70–0.90 MJ/m3 during the 63 ns observation interval, whereas all five realisations at 0.95 and 1.00 MJ/m3 undergo annihilation within approximately 9–10 ns. The 0.90 MJ/m3 case remains topologically intact despite strong compression. Additional in-plane mesh refinements reproduce survival at 0.90 MJ/m3 and annihilation at 1.00 MJ/m3. The selected compact reference condition Ku = 0.85 MJ/m3 is then examined from 0 to 500 K, with a deterministic reference at 0 K. The trajectories show preservation of the skyrmion-like topological state within the available observations, together with temperature-dependent positional, radial, and velocity variations. These results distinguish finite-time topological survival from dynamical reproducibility. The temperature sweep describes thermal-noise effects within a fixed-parameter model; it does not establish a thermally activated lifetime, a universal optimal anisotropy, or an experimental device operating-temperature range.
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BibTeX
@article{bahri2026perpendicular,
title = {{Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy Engineering for Skyrmion Thermal Stability and Pulsed-Current-Driven Dynamics in a Z-Junction Nanotrack}},
author = {Mohammed Al Bahri and Salim Al-Kamiyani and David Laroze and Alexis Matheu and Tamara González-Vega and Eduardo Saavedra and Felipe Tejo},
journal = {Nanomaterials},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.3390/nano16211432},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1432},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy Engineering for Skyrmion Thermal Stability and Pulsed-Current-Driven Dynamics in a Z-Junction Nanotrack
AU - Mohammed Al Bahri
AU - Salim Al-Kamiyani
AU - David Laroze
AU - Alexis Matheu
AU - Tamara González-Vega
AU - Eduardo Saavedra
AU - Felipe Tejo
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/05
JO - Nanomaterials
DO - 10.3390/nano16211432
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1432
AB - Magnetic skyrmions are promising information carriers for nanoscale spintronic devices, but their use in confined structures requires control of both topological survival and current-driven motion. We investigate perpendicular magnetic anisotropy engineering in a Z-junction nanotrack using micromagnetic simulations. The anisotropy is varied from 0.70 to 1.00 MJ/m3 at 300 K for a junction depth of 50 nm, junction width of 5 nm, and pulsed current density of 1.8 × 1012 A/m2. Five independent thermal realisations are considered for each finite-temperature condition. No annihilation is observed for Ku = 0.70–0.90 MJ/m3 during the 63 ns observation interval, whereas all five realisations at 0.95 and 1.00 MJ/m3 undergo annihilation within approximately 9–10 ns. The 0.90 MJ/m3 case remains topologically intact despite strong compression. Additional in-plane mesh refinements reproduce survival at 0.90 MJ/m3 and annihilation at 1.00 MJ/m3. The selected compact reference condition Ku = 0.85 MJ/m3 is then examined from 0 to 500 K, with a deterministic reference at 0 K. The trajectories show preservation of the skyrmion-like topological state within the available observations, together with temperature-dependent positional, radial, and velocity variations. These results distinguish finite-time topological survival from dynamical reproducibility. The temperature sweep describes thermal-noise effects within a fixed-parameter model; it does not establish a thermally activated lifetime, a universal optimal anisotropy, or an experimental device operating-temperature range.
SN - 2079-4991
ER -