Dynamic changes in clinicopathological variables and gene expression in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia
5 affiliations
- 1Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom.
- 2Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
- 3Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom.
- 4Clinical Investigation Centre, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom.
- 5Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom.
Abstract
Background: Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is a common autoimmune disease of dogs that is difficult to treat effectively. Little is known about how clinicopathological and immune variables change with time in dogs with IMHA, and whether these changes could guide therapeutic interventions. Aims: To investigate dynamic changes in clinicopathological variables as well as immune and glucocorticoid-regulated gene expression in dogs with IMHA, and to determine whether these changes are associated with recovery from anemia and severity of treatment-related adverse effects. Animals: 29 client-owned dogs with non-associative IMHA. Methods: Dogs with IMHA underwent clinical monitoring, with collection of residual blood samples at serial time points. Expression of immune and glucocorticoid-regulated genes was quantified using real time quantitative polymerase chain reactions, with serum cytokine concentrations measured using multiplex arrays. Results: Several clinical and gene expression variables changed with time in dogs with IMHA undergoing treatment, and we identified 6 major clusters representing different patterns of temporal change. No candidate dynamic variables were associated with more rapid recovery from anemia, but early increases in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were associated with severity of later polydipsia. Conclusions: Immune and clinicopathological variables are highly changeable after onset of treatment in dogs with IMHA, with early increases in serum ALP activity being associated with later severity of polydipsia. This parameter is therefore a key candidate for further investigations of individualization of immunosuppressive therapy for dogs with IMHA.
Related
- Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of CD74 Expression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Dynamic increases in p53 expression suppress human myoblast differentiation
- Dynamic regulation of cystathionine gamma-lyase expression during normoxia, ischemia, and reperfusion in liver: interplay of transcription factors, microRNAs, and histone modifications
- Iron oxide nanoparticle-mediated elicitation enhances secondary metabolite production, antioxidant activity, and gene expression in Melia azedarach L
- Multi-tissue GAL4-mediated gene expression in all Anopheles gambiae life stages using an endogenous polyubiquitin promoter
BibTeX
@article{swann2026dynamic,
title = {{Dynamic changes in clinicopathological variables and gene expression in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia}},
author = {James W Swann and Sivert Nerhagen and Balazs Szladovits and Gina Parkes and Anna Riddle and Samantha Mason and Brian Catchpole and Yu-Mei Chang and Barbara Glanemann},
journal = {PLOS One},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0359710},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0359710},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Dynamic changes in clinicopathological variables and gene expression in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia
AU - James W Swann
AU - Sivert Nerhagen
AU - Balazs Szladovits
AU - Gina Parkes
AU - Anna Riddle
AU - Samantha Mason
AU - Brian Catchpole
AU - Yu-Mei Chang
AU - Barbara Glanemann
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/28
JO - PLOS One
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0359710
UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0359710
AB - Background: Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is a common autoimmune disease of dogs that is difficult to treat effectively. Little is known about how clinicopathological and immune variables change with time in dogs with IMHA, and whether these changes could guide therapeutic interventions. Aims: To investigate dynamic changes in clinicopathological variables as well as immune and glucocorticoid-regulated gene expression in dogs with IMHA, and to determine whether these changes are associated with recovery from anemia and severity of treatment-related adverse effects. Animals: 29 client-owned dogs with non-associative IMHA. Methods: Dogs with IMHA underwent clinical monitoring, with collection of residual blood samples at serial time points. Expression of immune and glucocorticoid-regulated genes was quantified using real time quantitative polymerase chain reactions, with serum cytokine concentrations measured using multiplex arrays. Results: Several clinical and gene expression variables changed with time in dogs with IMHA undergoing treatment, and we identified 6 major clusters representing different patterns of temporal change. No candidate dynamic variables were associated with more rapid recovery from anemia, but early increases in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were associated with severity of later polydipsia. Conclusions: Immune and clinicopathological variables are highly changeable after onset of treatment in dogs with IMHA, with early increases in serum ALP activity being associated with later severity of polydipsia. This parameter is therefore a key candidate for further investigations of individualization of immunosuppressive therapy for dogs with IMHA.
SN - 1932-6203
ER -