A Non-Singular Cyclic Universe from Modified Gravity

Abstract

The Big Bang singularity marks a fundamental breakdown of General Relativity, yet all proposed quantum gravitational remedies invoke microphysical assumptions beyond the observational reach. We show that a minimal, purely classical modification of the gravitational potential --- preserving the inverse-square law where tested, but free to depart at unmeasured scales --- is sufficient to produce a non-singular, cyclic universe. The resulting modified gravitational formulation leads to a cosmic evolution exhibiting a bounce at a finite minimum size, followed by a regime closely akin to the concordant ΛCDM model, and an eventual collapse to another bounce. Cosmic Chronometer, Supernovae type Ia, Baryon Acoustic Oscillation, Cosmic Microwave Background and Nucleosynthesis data constrain both the new length scales, implying a cycle period of ≃ 89Gyr, and this framework --- subsuming a broad class of bounce scenarios within a single testable model --- opens a direct route for distinguishing cyclic cosmologies from ΛCDM.

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BibTeX

@misc{das2026nonsingular,
  title = {{A Non-Singular Cyclic Universe from Modified Gravity}},
  author = {Saurya Das and Mitja Fridman and Dhiraj Kuniyal and Sourav Sur},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.16015},
  eprint = {2609.16015},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16015},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - A Non-Singular Cyclic Universe from Modified Gravity
AU  - Saurya Das
AU  - Mitja Fridman
AU  - Dhiraj Kuniyal
AU  - Sourav Sur
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/01
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.16015
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16015
AB  - The Big Bang singularity marks a fundamental breakdown of General Relativity, yet all proposed quantum gravitational remedies invoke microphysical assumptions beyond the observational reach. We show that a minimal, purely classical modification of the gravitational potential --- preserving the inverse-square law where tested, but free to depart at unmeasured scales --- is sufficient to produce a non-singular, cyclic universe. The resulting modified gravitational formulation leads to a cosmic evolution exhibiting a bounce at a finite minimum size, followed by a regime closely akin to the concordant ΛCDM model, and an eventual collapse to another bounce. Cosmic Chronometer, Supernovae type Ia, Baryon Acoustic Oscillation, Cosmic Microwave Background and Nucleosynthesis data constrain both the new length scales, implying a cycle period of ≃ 89Gyr, and this framework --- subsuming a broad class of bounce scenarios within a single testable model --- opens a direct route for distinguishing cyclic cosmologies from ΛCDM.
ER  -

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