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Peer-reviewedCC BYDrewno

Effects of artificial weathering resistance on the hardness value of ash wood surfaces coated with polyurethane modified water-based varnish after heat treatment

  • Mete Akter1
  • Göksel Ulay2
  • Hüseyin Peker3
  • Nevzat Çakıcıer4
  • Abdi Atilgan5
  • Ümit Ayata6
6 affiliations
  1. 1Head of Department at Dual Boya, Istanbul, Beylikdüzü, Turkey, Turkey
  2. 2Department of Furniture and Decoration, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van Vocational School, Van, Turkey, Turkey
  3. 3Department of Forest Industrial Engineering, Department of Forest Industrial Engineering, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Turkey, Turkey
  4. 4Department of Forest Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Duzce University; 81620, Duzce, Turkey, Turkey
  5. 5Afyon Kocatepe University, Department of Design, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey, Turkey
  6. 6Bayburt University, Faculty of Arts and Design, Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Bayburt, Turkey., Turkey
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Abstract

Pendulum hardness test is important for determining the mechanical durability and long-term performance of the film layer formed on the surface of wood thermally treated at high temperatures and coated with water-based varnish (WBV). In this study, the effect of artificial weathering conditions on the pendulum hardness (König method) of ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) wood samples varnished with polyurethane modified WBV was investigated. The samples were thermally treated under two conditions (190°C for 1.5 h and 212°C for 2 h) and compared with untreated control samples. The samples were exposed to artificial weathering conditions (for periods of 0, 168, 336 and 504 h). Pendulum hardness values were measured at the end of each weathering period. According to the results, increases in hardness values were observed in both heat-treated and untreated ash wood samples treated with varnish after weathering. In the varnished samples treated at 212°C for 2 h, the post-weathering hardness increases were lower compared to the samples treated at 190°C for 1.5 h and the control group. Additionally, analysis of variance for the pendulum hardness test, heat treatment, weathering time and their interaction were determined to be statistically significant. The significant increases in hardness values observed in the unweathered samples highlight the importance of the wood, varnish, and weathering process.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{akter2026effects,
  title = {{Effects of artificial weathering resistance on the hardness value of ash wood surfaces coated with polyurethane modified water-based varnish after heat treatment}},
  author = {Mete Akter and Göksel Ulay and Hüseyin Peker and Nevzat Çakıcıer and Abdi Atilgan and Ümit Ayata},
  journal = {Drewno},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.53502/wood-217703},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.53502/wood-217703},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of artificial weathering resistance on the hardness value of ash wood surfaces coated with polyurethane modified water-based varnish after heat treatment
AU  - Mete Akter
AU  - Göksel Ulay
AU  - Hüseyin Peker
AU  - Nevzat Çakıcıer
AU  - Abdi Atilgan
AU  - Ümit Ayata
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/01
JO  - Drewno
DO  - 10.53502/wood-217703
UR  - https://doi.org/10.53502/wood-217703
AB  - Pendulum hardness test is important for determining the mechanical durability and long-term performance of the film layer formed on the surface of wood thermally treated at high temperatures and coated with water-based varnish (WBV). In this study, the effect of artificial weathering conditions on the pendulum hardness (König method) of ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) wood samples varnished with polyurethane modified WBV was investigated. The samples were thermally treated under two conditions (190°C for 1.5 h and 212°C for 2 h) and compared with untreated control samples. The samples were exposed to artificial weathering conditions (for periods of 0, 168, 336 and 504 h). Pendulum hardness values were measured at the end of each weathering period. According to the results, increases in hardness values were observed in both heat-treated and untreated ash wood samples treated with varnish after weathering. In the varnished samples treated at 212°C for 2 h, the post-weathering hardness increases were lower compared to the samples treated at 190°C for 1.5 h and the control group. Additionally, analysis of variance for the pendulum hardness test, heat treatment, weathering time and their interaction were determined to be statistically significant. The significant increases in hardness values observed in the unweathered samples highlight the importance of the wood, varnish, and weathering process.
SN  - 2956-9141
SN  - 1644-3985
ER  -