Neuroprotective Effects of Carica papaya in Experimental Models of Neurodegeneration: A Comprehensive Review.
6 affiliations
- 1Department of Pharmacy Gopalganj Science and Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh.
- 2Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences Jouf University Sakaka Saudi Arabia.
- 3Alor Dishari Research Organization Dhaka Bangladesh.
- 4Department of Pharmacy Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University Santosh, Tangail Bangladesh.
- 5Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Science University of Greenwich Kent UK.
- 6Department of Pharmacy University of Asia Pacific Dhaka Bangladesh.
Abstract
Carica papaya (C. papaya) has long been used in traditional medicine, and experimental studies have reported neuroprotective effects across several models; however, the available evidence is distributed across different plant parts, preparations, and experimental systems. This review synthesizes existing evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies assessing the neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuromodulatory effects of C. papaya extracts derived from seeds, leaves, pulp, fruit, and fermented preparations. A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect identified relevant studies across multiple experimental models through 22 September 2026. Findings show that in Alzheimer's disease (AD) models, aluminum-induced neurotoxicity, D-galactose-induced brain aging, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-mediated oxidative damage, and chemically induced neurotoxicity (cyclophosphamide, acrylamide, and fluoride), C. papaya preparations were associated with improvements in selected cognitive, behavioral, biochemical, and oxidative-stress-related outcomes across the included experimental models. Toxicity studies generally reported no mortality within the tested dose ranges; however, behavioral, biochemical, and mild histopathological alterations were observed in some studies, particularly at higher doses, indicating that safety may vary according to extract type, dose, and duration of exposure. Overall, the available preclinical evidence suggests that C. papaya preparations may affect multiple pathways relevant to oxidative-stress-associated neurodegeneration. However, further mechanistic studies, bioactive compound isolation, pharmacokinetic assessments, and well-designed clinical trials are essential to support its future therapeutic development.
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BibTeX
@article{hossan2026neuroprotective,
title = {{Neuroprotective Effects of Carica papaya in Experimental Models of Neurodegeneration: A Comprehensive Review.}},
author = {Rakib Hossan and Samy Selim and Imam Hossen Rakib and Md Abu Sayeed and Anike Chakrabarty and Md Arif Hossain and Emon Mia and Dristy Debnath and Asmaul Husna Bristy and Md Sakib Al Hasan},
journal = {Food science \& nutrition},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1002/fsn3.72507},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42923504},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Neuroprotective Effects of Carica papaya in Experimental Models of Neurodegeneration: A Comprehensive Review.
AU - Rakib Hossan
AU - Samy Selim
AU - Imam Hossen Rakib
AU - Md Abu Sayeed
AU - Anike Chakrabarty
AU - Md Arif Hossain
AU - Emon Mia
AU - Dristy Debnath
AU - Asmaul Husna Bristy
AU - Md Sakib Al Hasan
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/21
JO - Food science & nutrition
DO - 10.1002/fsn3.72507
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42923504
AB - Carica papaya (C. papaya) has long been used in traditional medicine, and experimental studies have reported neuroprotective effects across several models; however, the available evidence is distributed across different plant parts, preparations, and experimental systems. This review synthesizes existing evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies assessing the neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuromodulatory effects of C. papaya extracts derived from seeds, leaves, pulp, fruit, and fermented preparations. A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect identified relevant studies across multiple experimental models through 22 September 2026. Findings show that in Alzheimer's disease (AD) models, aluminum-induced neurotoxicity, D-galactose-induced brain aging, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-mediated oxidative damage, and chemically induced neurotoxicity (cyclophosphamide, acrylamide, and fluoride), C. papaya preparations were associated with improvements in selected cognitive, behavioral, biochemical, and oxidative-stress-related outcomes across the included experimental models. Toxicity studies generally reported no mortality within the tested dose ranges; however, behavioral, biochemical, and mild histopathological alterations were observed in some studies, particularly at higher doses, indicating that safety may vary according to extract type, dose, and duration of exposure. Overall, the available preclinical evidence suggests that C. papaya preparations may affect multiple pathways relevant to oxidative-stress-associated neurodegeneration. However, further mechanistic studies, bioactive compound isolation, pharmacokinetic assessments, and well-designed clinical trials are essential to support its future therapeutic development.
SN - 2048-7177
ER -