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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Environmental Health Perspectives

Chernobyl Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Reveals a Complex Interplay between Environmental Exposures and Lead Genetic Variants Predisposing to Thyroid Cancer

  • Tatiana I. Rogounovitch1
  • Tatiana A. Leonava2
  • Mikhail V. Fridman3,4
  • Victor A. Kondratovitch5
  • Meiko Takahashi6
  • Vladimir Drozdovitch7
  • Evgeniya Ostroumova8
  • Ilya V. Veyalkin9
  • Victor F. Minenko9
  • Natallia M. Akulevich10
  • Larisa I. Danilova11
  • Maxim L. Lushchyk11
5 more authors
  • Noboru Takamura12
  • Fumihiko Matsuda6
  • Shunichi Yamashita13
  • Norisato Mitsutake1,14,15
  • Vladimir A. Saenko14
15 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Molecular Oncology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
  2. 2Consulting-Diagnosing Department of Thyroid Diseases, Minsk City Clinical Oncological Center, Minsk 220013, Belarus
  3. 3Laboratory of Pathology, Minsk City Clinical Oncological Center, Minsk 220013, Belarus
  4. 4Department of Oncology, Belarus State Medical University, Minsk 220083, Belarus
  5. 5Minsk City Clinical Oncological Center, Minsk 220013, Belarus
  6. 6Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
  7. 7Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
  8. 8Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO, Lyon CEDEX 07 69366, France
  9. 9Republican Research Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Gomel 246040, Belarus
  10. 10Republican Center of Medical Rehabilitation and Balneotherapy, Minsk 220114, Belarus
  11. 11Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk 220083, Belarus
  12. 12Department of Disaster Resilience and Science, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
  13. 13Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
  14. 14Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
  15. 15Thyroid Cancer Collaborative Research Center, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
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Abstract

Environmental exposures to radioactive and stable iodine and predisposing germline genetic variants contribute to the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) after the Chernobyl accident, but their joint effects and interaction effects remain unknown. A retrospective observational case-control study enrolled 945 PTC patients and 1040 healthy control individuals from Belarus aged 0–18 years old at the time of exposure. Clinicopathological data, individual radiation doses to the thyroid, extent of stable iodine consumption, and genotypes for six predisposing genetic variants were used in the multiplicative and additive statistical models to address the individual environmental (E) and genetic factor (G) effects, and those of E×E, G×G, and G×E interactions. The radiation dose and soil iodine level were statistically significantly associated with PTC and displayed a negative interaction. Out of six, four genetic variants displayed significant association signals with a positive interaction between two of them. Importantly, one of these variants negatively interacts with the radiation dose. The soil iodine level did not interact with genetic components. The impact of radiation exposure was stronger than that of genetic variants. The findings show that environmental and genetic factors demonstrate complex nonindependent effects on the development of thyroid cancer after childhood radiation exposure and point at the absence of radiation risk augmentation by the major cancer-associated genetic variants. These observations can be used for radiation risk communication with the public.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{rogounovitch2026chernobyl,
  title = {{Chernobyl Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Reveals a Complex Interplay between Environmental Exposures and Lead Genetic Variants Predisposing to Thyroid Cancer}},
  author = {Tatiana I. Rogounovitch and Tatiana A. Leonava and Mikhail V. Fridman and Victor A. Kondratovitch and Meiko Takahashi and Vladimir Drozdovitch and Evgeniya Ostroumova and Ilya V. Veyalkin and Victor F. Minenko and Natallia M. Akulevich and Larisa I. Danilova and Maxim L. Lushchyk and Noboru Takamura and Fumihiko Matsuda and Shunichi Yamashita and Norisato Mitsutake and Vladimir A. Saenko},
  journal = {Environmental Health Perspectives},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1021/ehp.6c00281},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c00281},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chernobyl Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Reveals a Complex Interplay between Environmental Exposures and Lead Genetic Variants Predisposing to Thyroid Cancer
AU  - Tatiana I. Rogounovitch
AU  - Tatiana A. Leonava
AU  - Mikhail V. Fridman
AU  - Victor A. Kondratovitch
AU  - Meiko Takahashi
AU  - Vladimir Drozdovitch
AU  - Evgeniya Ostroumova
AU  - Ilya V. Veyalkin
AU  - Victor F. Minenko
AU  - Natallia M. Akulevich
AU  - Larisa I. Danilova
AU  - Maxim L. Lushchyk
AU  - Noboru Takamura
AU  - Fumihiko Matsuda
AU  - Shunichi Yamashita
AU  - Norisato Mitsutake
AU  - Vladimir A. Saenko
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/21
JO  - Environmental Health Perspectives
DO  - 10.1021/ehp.6c00281
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1021/ehp.6c00281
AB  - Environmental exposures to radioactive and stable iodine and predisposing germline genetic variants contribute to the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) after the Chernobyl accident, but their joint effects and interaction effects remain unknown. A retrospective observational case-control study enrolled 945 PTC patients and 1040 healthy control individuals from Belarus aged 0–18 years old at the time of exposure. Clinicopathological data, individual radiation doses to the thyroid, extent of stable iodine consumption, and genotypes for six predisposing genetic variants were used in the multiplicative and additive statistical models to address the individual environmental (E) and genetic factor (G) effects, and those of E×E, G×G, and G×E interactions. The radiation dose and soil iodine level were statistically significantly associated with PTC and displayed a negative interaction. Out of six, four genetic variants displayed significant association signals with a positive interaction between two of them. Importantly, one of these variants negatively interacts with the radiation dose. The soil iodine level did not interact with genetic components. The impact of radiation exposure was stronger than that of genetic variants. The findings show that environmental and genetic factors demonstrate complex nonindependent effects on the development of thyroid cancer after childhood radiation exposure and point at the absence of radiation risk augmentation by the major cancer-associated genetic variants. These observations can be used for radiation risk communication with the public.
SN  - 0091-6765
SN  - 1552-9924
ER  -