Clinical Characteristics and Factors Associated with Severe Disease in 64 Patients with Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing-Confirmed Chlamydia Psittaci Pneumonia: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study in Ningxia, China
- 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People’s Hospital, Yinchuan, 750000, People’s Republic of China
- 2The Third Clinical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750000, People’s Republic of China
Abstract
Purpose: To characterise the baseline features of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS)-confirmed Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia and identify the admission factors independently associated with severe disease.
Patients and Methods: In this single-centre retrospective study, 64 hospitalised adults with tNGS-confirmed C. psittaci pneumonia were classified as severe (n = 12) or non-severe (n = 52) from the treating team’s assessment against the Chinese 2016 community-acquired pneumonia guidelines, and baseline demographic, clinical, laboratory and chest CT data were compared. Thirty-six candidate predictors were screened by Firth-penalised univariate logistic regression with Benjamini–Hochberg false-discovery-rate (FDR) control, and a two-predictor model was capped a priori at five events per variable. Discrimination was assessed by receiver operating characteristic analysis with bootstrap optimism correction.
Results: Severe patients were older (70.0 vs 59.5 years, P = 0.006) and more often had a smoking history (41.7% vs 8.2%, P = 0.011) and pleural effusion (66.7% vs 23.1%, P = 0.006). Admission procalcitonin (PCT; 0.52 vs 0.20 ng/mL), CRP (183.3 vs 112.5 mg/L) and D-dimer (1.41 vs 0.60 mg/L) were higher in severe patients, whereas the leukocyte count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were not (P = 0.938 and 0.112). Six of 36 variables retained FDR significance: PCT, CRP, D-dimer, age, pleural effusion, smoking history. Both ln(PCT) (adjusted OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.39–7.44) and D-dimer (adjusted OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.21–5.63) were independently associated with severe disease (P < 0.001; apparent AUC 0.891, bootstrap-corrected 0.877). The C. psittaci read load did not differ between groups (P = 0.99). Severe patients more often required regimen adjustment after tNGS (75.0% vs 32.7%) and intensive care (25.0% vs 0%).
Conclusion: Severe psittacosis pneumonia is a systemic inflammatory and coagulation process; admission PCT and D-dimer are independently associated with severity and offer a two-marker risk assessment at presentation.
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BibTeX
@article{yang2026clinical,
title = {{Clinical Characteristics and Factors Associated with Severe Disease in 64 Patients with Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing-Confirmed Chlamydia Psittaci Pneumonia: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study in Ningxia, China}},
author = {Yanni Yang and Qingrui Li and Jing Yang and Jianyin Zhang and Jianrong Na and Bing Zhuan and Jiarui Ma and Junhui Ma and Jinxiu Ma and Lirong Mo and Shuxiang Zhang and Wei Zhou},
journal = {Infection and Drug Resistance},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.2147/idr.s627278},
url = {https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s627278},
note = {CC BY-NC 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical Characteristics and Factors Associated with Severe Disease in 64 Patients with Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing-Confirmed Chlamydia Psittaci Pneumonia: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study in Ningxia, China
AU - Yanni Yang
AU - Qingrui Li
AU - Jing Yang
AU - Jianyin Zhang
AU - Jianrong Na
AU - Bing Zhuan
AU - Jiarui Ma
AU - Junhui Ma
AU - Jinxiu Ma
AU - Lirong Mo
AU - Shuxiang Zhang
AU - Wei Zhou
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/27
JO - Infection and Drug Resistance
DO - 10.2147/idr.s627278
UR - https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s627278
AB - Purpose: To characterise the baseline features of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS)-confirmed Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia and identify the admission factors independently associated with severe disease. Patients and Methods: In this single-centre retrospective study, 64 hospitalised adults with tNGS-confirmed C. psittaci pneumonia were classified as severe (n = 12) or non-severe (n = 52) from the treating team’s assessment against the Chinese 2016 community-acquired pneumonia guidelines, and baseline demographic, clinical, laboratory and chest CT data were compared. Thirty-six candidate predictors were screened by Firth-penalised univariate logistic regression with Benjamini–Hochberg false-discovery-rate (FDR) control, and a two-predictor model was capped a priori at five events per variable. Discrimination was assessed by receiver operating characteristic analysis with bootstrap optimism correction. Results: Severe patients were older (70.0 vs 59.5 years, P = 0.006) and more often had a smoking history (41.7% vs 8.2%, P = 0.011) and pleural effusion (66.7% vs 23.1%, P = 0.006). Admission procalcitonin (PCT; 0.52 vs 0.20 ng/mL), CRP (183.3 vs 112.5 mg/L) and D-dimer (1.41 vs 0.60 mg/L) were higher in severe patients, whereas the leukocyte count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were not (P = 0.938 and 0.112). Six of 36 variables retained FDR significance: PCT, CRP, D-dimer, age, pleural effusion, smoking history. Both ln(PCT) (adjusted OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.39–7.44) and D-dimer (adjusted OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.21–5.63) were independently associated with severe disease (P < 0.001; apparent AUC 0.891, bootstrap-corrected 0.877). The C. psittaci read load did not differ between groups (P = 0.99). Severe patients more often required regimen adjustment after tNGS (75.0% vs 32.7%) and intensive care (25.0% vs 0%). Conclusion: Severe psittacosis pneumonia is a systemic inflammatory and coagulation process; admission PCT and D-dimer are independently associated with severity and offer a two-marker risk assessment at presentation.
SN - 1178-6973
ER -