Primordial black holes
Abstract
Primordial black holes, whose formation in the early Universe was first hypothesized by Ya.B.~Zel'dovich and I.D.~Novikov in 1966 (the text of this pioneering article is provided in Appendix II to this review), have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Modern astronomical data across the electromagnetic spectrum, together with observations of gravitational waves and cosmic neutrinos, have revealed a number of unique astrophysical phenomena that may be related to primordial black holes formed in the pre-stellar cosmological epoch. This review describes various models of primordial black hole formation, as well as methods for testing these models with astronomical and astrophysical observations. In particular, we discuss in detail the formation of primordial black holes and their clusters through the collapse of closed domain walls and through effects associated with extra spatial dimensions of the Universe.
Related
- Search for subsolar primordial black holes in low mass-ratio binaries with LIGO-Virgo O2 data and implications for the primordial black hole dark matter fraction
- Theory-constrained hierarchical inference of primordial black holes in f(Q, T) gravity with GWTC-3
- Gravitational wave signals from primordial black holes orbiting solar-type stars
- All Dark Matter as Primordial Black Holes: a Gravitational-Wave Test
- Primordial Asymmetries, Primordial Equation of State & Primordial Black Holes
BibTeX
@misc{dokuchaev2026primordial,
title = {{Primordial black holes}},
author = {V. I. Dokuchaev and Yu. N. Eroshenko and V. V. Nikulin and K. A. Postnov and S. G. Rubin and V. D. Stasenko},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.10750},
eprint = {2610.10750},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10750},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Primordial black holes
AU - V. I. Dokuchaev
AU - Yu. N. Eroshenko
AU - V. V. Nikulin
AU - K. A. Postnov
AU - S. G. Rubin
AU - V. D. Stasenko
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.10750
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10750
AB - Primordial black holes, whose formation in the early Universe was first hypothesized by Ya.B.~Zel'dovich and I.D.~Novikov in 1966 (the text of this pioneering article is provided in Appendix II to this review), have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Modern astronomical data across the electromagnetic spectrum, together with observations of gravitational waves and cosmic neutrinos, have revealed a number of unique astrophysical phenomena that may be related to primordial black holes formed in the pre-stellar cosmological epoch. This review describes various models of primordial black hole formation, as well as methods for testing these models with astronomical and astrophysical observations. In particular, we discuss in detail the formation of primordial black holes and their clusters through the collapse of closed domain walls and through effects associated with extra spatial dimensions of the Universe.
ER -