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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Role of Graphene Oxide in the Nucleation and Growth of Gold Nanoparticles Revealed by Operando Time‐Resolved Studies

  • Liran Hu1
  • Carine Clavaguéra1
  • Zhenpeng Cui2
  • Zhiwen Jiang1
  • Thomas Bizien3
  • Filippo Ferdeghini4
  • Nguyen‐Thi Van‐Oanh1
  • Michel Goldmann5
  • François Muller4
  • Samy Remita1,6
6 affiliations
  1. 1Institut De Chimie Physique, ICP, UMR 8000 CNRS, Université Paris‐Saclay Orsay France
  2. 2State Key Laboratory of Chemistry for NBC Hazards Protection Frontiers Science Center For Rare Isotopes School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou China
  3. 3SWING Beamline SOLEIL Synchrotron Gif‐sur‐Yvette France
  4. 4LyRIDS ECE Engineering School Paris France
  5. 5Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, UMR 7588 CNRS Sorbonne Université Paris France
  6. 6Département Chimie Vivant Santé EPN 7 Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, CNAM Paris France
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Abstract

Understanding nanoparticle growth in complex composite systems remains a central challenge in materials chemistry. Herein, we elucidate the stepwise formation mechanism of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in graphene oxide (GO) aqueous systems under well defined reductive conditions. Pulse radiolysis reveals that GO significantly accelerates AuCl 4 -reduction by hydrated electrons (e aq -), thereby altering early-stage kinetics. Operando synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and time-resolved UV-vis absorption spectroscopy enable direct observation of AuNP nucleation and growth. Au(III) reduction precedes GO reduction, and nascent Au clusters preferentially anchor at GO edges through interactions with carboxyl groups, resulting in anisotropic, sizeconstrained growth. As GO becomes progressively reduced, depletion of oxygen-containing functional groups weakens interfacial stabilization and promotes nanoparticle coalescence. This stepwise mechanism integrates kinetic, spectroscopic, structural, and theoretical evidence, identifying GO as both a kinetic modulator and a spatial growth regulator. The insights provide general design principles for size-controlled nanoparticle growth in graphene-based composite systems.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{hu2026role,
  title = {{Role of Graphene Oxide in the Nucleation and Growth of Gold Nanoparticles Revealed by Operando Time‐Resolved Studies}},
  author = {Liran Hu and Carine Clavaguéra and Zhenpeng Cui and Zhiwen Jiang and Thomas Bizien and Filippo Ferdeghini and Nguyen‐Thi Van‐Oanh and Michel Goldmann and François Muller and Samy Remita},
  journal = {Angewandte Chemie International Edition},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1002/anie.6455772},
  url = {https://hal.science/hal-05761319v1},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Role of Graphene Oxide in the Nucleation and Growth of Gold Nanoparticles Revealed by Operando Time‐Resolved Studies
AU  - Liran Hu
AU  - Carine Clavaguéra
AU  - Zhenpeng Cui
AU  - Zhiwen Jiang
AU  - Thomas Bizien
AU  - Filippo Ferdeghini
AU  - Nguyen‐Thi Van‐Oanh
AU  - Michel Goldmann
AU  - François Muller
AU  - Samy Remita
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/21
JO  - Angewandte Chemie International Edition
DO  - 10.1002/anie.6455772
UR  - https://hal.science/hal-05761319v1
AB  - Understanding nanoparticle growth in complex composite systems remains a central challenge in materials chemistry. Herein, we elucidate the stepwise formation mechanism of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in graphene oxide (GO) aqueous systems under well defined reductive conditions. Pulse radiolysis reveals that GO significantly accelerates AuCl 4 -reduction by hydrated electrons (e aq -), thereby altering early-stage kinetics. Operando synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and time-resolved UV-vis absorption spectroscopy enable direct observation of AuNP nucleation and growth. Au(III) reduction precedes GO reduction, and nascent Au clusters preferentially anchor at GO edges through interactions with carboxyl groups, resulting in anisotropic, sizeconstrained growth. As GO becomes progressively reduced, depletion of oxygen-containing functional groups weakens interfacial stabilization and promotes nanoparticle coalescence. This stepwise mechanism integrates kinetic, spectroscopic, structural, and theoretical evidence, identifying GO as both a kinetic modulator and a spatial growth regulator. The insights provide general design principles for size-controlled nanoparticle growth in graphene-based composite systems.
SN  - 1433-7851
SN  - 1521-3773
ER  -