Treatment outcomes and associated factors among acute coronary syndrome patients admitted to Jimma University Medical Centre, Jimma, Ethiopia : A 5-year retrospective study
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- 2Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Abstract
In developing countries, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is becoming a more common cause of cardiovascular death. Although thrombolytic treatments and limited percutaneous coronary intervention have been introduced, in-hospital mortality from ACS is still high in sub-Saharan countries. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcome of ACS and its associated factors among patients attending Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia. A retrospective hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 ACS patients. Patient records from admissions between November 1st, 2017, and October 31st, 2022 were reviewed, with data collected between December 1st and 31st, 2022. Data were collected using a structured checklist, entered, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social science version 26. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize baseline characteristics and determine treatment outcomes. Bivariable and multivariable regression analyses were employed to determine factors affecting poor treatment outcomes. The odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed, and a P value < .05 was considered significant. Among the 300 ACS patients included in our study, 35.3% died during hospitalization. Hypertension was the most common risk factor, present in 88.3% of the patients. In addition, 20.3% were classified as Killip class III or IV. 20.7% had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than or equal to 30%, and 79.3% had an LVEF > 30%. Regarding treatment, an aspirin loading dose, clopidogrel loading dose, beta-blockers, statins, morphine, and nitrates were given to 284 (94.7%), 286 (95.3%), 227 (75.7%), 283 (94.3%), 109 (36.3%), and 80 (26.7%) patients, respectively. Factors significantly associated with in-hospital mortality were older age (P ≤ .001), history of diabetes (P = .004), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction diagnosis (P = .003), and Killip class III and IV (P ≤ .001), whereas LVEF > 30% was associated with significantly lower odds of in-hospital death (P < .001). The proportion of in-hospital mortality attributable to ACS was found to be high. As a result, timely evidence-based therapy should be included in the setup.
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BibTeX
@article{tegene2026treatment,
title = {{Treatment outcomes and associated factors among acute coronary syndrome patients admitted to Jimma University Medical Centre, Jimma, Ethiopia : A 5-year retrospective study}},
author = {Elsah Tegene and Gashahun Bekele and Mohammed Mecha and Tamirat Godebo and Edosa Tadasa},
journal = {Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1097/md.0000000000051311},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13727178},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Treatment outcomes and associated factors among acute coronary syndrome patients admitted to Jimma University Medical Centre, Jimma, Ethiopia : A 5-year retrospective study
AU - Elsah Tegene
AU - Gashahun Bekele
AU - Mohammed Mecha
AU - Tamirat Godebo
AU - Edosa Tadasa
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/30
JO - Medicine
DO - 10.1097/md.0000000000051311
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13727178
AB - In developing countries, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is becoming a more common cause of cardiovascular death. Although thrombolytic treatments and limited percutaneous coronary intervention have been introduced, in-hospital mortality from ACS is still high in sub-Saharan countries. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcome of ACS and its associated factors among patients attending Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia. A retrospective hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 ACS patients. Patient records from admissions between November 1st, 2017, and October 31st, 2022 were reviewed, with data collected between December 1st and 31st, 2022. Data were collected using a structured checklist, entered, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social science version 26. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize baseline characteristics and determine treatment outcomes. Bivariable and multivariable regression analyses were employed to determine factors affecting poor treatment outcomes. The odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed, and a P value < .05 was considered significant. Among the 300 ACS patients included in our study, 35.3% died during hospitalization. Hypertension was the most common risk factor, present in 88.3% of the patients. In addition, 20.3% were classified as Killip class III or IV. 20.7% had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than or equal to 30%, and 79.3% had an LVEF > 30%. Regarding treatment, an aspirin loading dose, clopidogrel loading dose, beta-blockers, statins, morphine, and nitrates were given to 284 (94.7%), 286 (95.3%), 227 (75.7%), 283 (94.3%), 109 (36.3%), and 80 (26.7%) patients, respectively. Factors significantly associated with in-hospital mortality were older age (P ≤ .001), history of diabetes (P = .004), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction diagnosis (P = .003), and Killip class III and IV (P ≤ .001), whereas LVEF > 30% was associated with significantly lower odds of in-hospital death (P < .001). The proportion of in-hospital mortality attributable to ACS was found to be high. As a result, timely evidence-based therapy should be included in the setup.
SN - 0304-5412
SN - 1536-5964
SN - 0025-7974
ER -