Adherence to the 24 h Movement Guidelines and Associated Factors Among First-Year University Students in Spain: UNILIFE-M Study at Universidad Loyola Andalucía.
18 affiliations
- 1School of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 092301, Ecuador.
- 2Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica Atlántico Mediterráneo-UTAMED, 29590 Málaga, Spain.
- 3Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Dos Hermanas, Spain.
- 4Universidad Autónoma del Paraguay, Asunción 001010, Paraguay.
- 5Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile.
- 6Department of Health Research, Icen Cognis, Carretera General, 32, 38370 La Matanza de Acentejo, Spain.
- 7Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain.
- 8Psychiatry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
- 9Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
- 10Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar 8370035, Chile.
- 11Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Fit Generation Research Institute, AD500 Andorra la Vella, Andorra.
- 12Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile.
- 13Food and Mood Centre, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia.
- 14Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia.
- 15Carver University, Orlando, FL 32804, USA.
- 16Universidad Internacional para el Desarrollo (UNINDE), 06005 Badajoz, Spain.
- 17Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
- 18Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: University students are at a critical stage for establishing healthy lifestyle habits, yet little is known about their adherence to integrated 24 h movement guidelines that include physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep. We examined the proportion of students meeting the Canadian 24 h movement guidelines and associated factors among first-year students at a single Spanish university (UNILIFE-M). Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 671 first-year students from Universidad Loyola Andalucía (Spain) participating in the UNIversity Students' LIFEstyle Behaviours and Mental Health (UNILIFE-M) study. Combined guideline adherence used complete cases (n = 646). Behaviors were assessed with the Spanish Physical Activity Scale 2.1 (PAS-2.1S). Adherence required ≥150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, ≤8 h/day of total sedentary time including ≤3 h/day of recreational screen time (both sedentary criteria required), and 7-9 h/night of sleep. Multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (complete cases on covariates, n = 644). Results: Overall, 137/646 students (21.2%) met all three guidelines, while 54 (8.4%) met none. Male sex was associated with higher odds of adherence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.65; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.10 to 2.47), and a lifetime mental health diagnosis was associated with lower odds (aOR = 0.28; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.72). Age > 18 years (aOR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.39 to 1.03) and non-health sciences enrollment (aOR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.03) showed borderline associations that were not robust across sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: In this single-university first-year sample, adherence to the 24 h movement guidelines was relatively low. Associations should be interpreted as cross-sectional correlates, not causal determinants.
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BibTeX
@article{lopezgil2026adherence,
title = {{Adherence to the 24 h Movement Guidelines and Associated Factors Among First-Year University Students in Spain: UNILIFE-M Study at Universidad Loyola Andalucía.}},
author = {José Francisco López-Gil and Samuel Manzano-Carrasco and José Adrián Montenegro-Espinosa and María Mendoza-Muñoz and Fiorella Quiroz-Cárdenas and Alejandro Lara-Bocanegra and Aline Josiane Waclawovsky and Debora Tornquist and Andrea Camaz Deslandes and Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda and Felipe Barreto Schuch and Lucille Ridgell and Camila Miño and Dong Keon Yon and Pablo Galan-Lopez},
journal = {Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/healthcare14203415},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42940460},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Adherence to the 24 h Movement Guidelines and Associated Factors Among First-Year University Students in Spain: UNILIFE-M Study at Universidad Loyola Andalucía.
AU - José Francisco López-Gil
AU - Samuel Manzano-Carrasco
AU - José Adrián Montenegro-Espinosa
AU - María Mendoza-Muñoz
AU - Fiorella Quiroz-Cárdenas
AU - Alejandro Lara-Bocanegra
AU - Aline Josiane Waclawovsky
AU - Debora Tornquist
AU - Andrea Camaz Deslandes
AU - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
AU - Felipe Barreto Schuch
AU - Lucille Ridgell
AU - Camila Miño
AU - Dong Keon Yon
AU - Pablo Galan-Lopez
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/13
JO - Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
DO - 10.3390/healthcare14203415
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42940460
AB - Background/Objectives: University students are at a critical stage for establishing healthy lifestyle habits, yet little is known about their adherence to integrated 24 h movement guidelines that include physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep. We examined the proportion of students meeting the Canadian 24 h movement guidelines and associated factors among first-year students at a single Spanish university (UNILIFE-M). Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 671 first-year students from Universidad Loyola Andalucía (Spain) participating in the UNIversity Students' LIFEstyle Behaviours and Mental Health (UNILIFE-M) study. Combined guideline adherence used complete cases (n = 646). Behaviors were assessed with the Spanish Physical Activity Scale 2.1 (PAS-2.1S). Adherence required ≥150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, ≤8 h/day of total sedentary time including ≤3 h/day of recreational screen time (both sedentary criteria required), and 7-9 h/night of sleep. Multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (complete cases on covariates, n = 644). Results: Overall, 137/646 students (21.2%) met all three guidelines, while 54 (8.4%) met none. Male sex was associated with higher odds of adherence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.65; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.10 to 2.47), and a lifetime mental health diagnosis was associated with lower odds (aOR = 0.28; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.72). Age > 18 years (aOR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.39 to 1.03) and non-health sciences enrollment (aOR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.03) showed borderline associations that were not robust across sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: In this single-university first-year sample, adherence to the 24 h movement guidelines was relatively low. Associations should be interpreted as cross-sectional correlates, not causal determinants.
SN - 2227-9032
ER -