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PreprintarXiv licencearXiv

Orientation Diversity Provably Increases the Angular-Domain Rank of 3D MIMO Arrays

  • Samer Henry
  • Elvino Sousa
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Abstract

Movable and rotatable-antenna systems treat element placement as a design resource, but the supporting theory is largely position-only. We prove that element orientation is an effective spatial resource in its own right, complementary to position. For collinear or coplanar arrays, the angular-domain rank is capped by the number of projection-ambiguity classes of the scattering directions, for every common element orientation and pattern. Orientation-diverse elements with sufficiently rich analytic patterns restore the maximal rank min(N,L) for almost every orientation draw. A closed-form correlation expression, strictly monotone in orientation spread under isotropic scattering, quantifies the gain within the scalar-pattern model, and Monte Carlo simulations corroborate the exact-rank and capacity behavior.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{henry2026orientation,
  title = {{Orientation Diversity Provably Increases the Angular-Domain Rank of 3D MIMO Arrays}},
  author = {Samer Henry and Elvino Sousa},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.24228},
  eprint = {2610.24228},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.24228},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Orientation Diversity Provably Increases the Angular-Domain Rank of 3D MIMO Arrays
AU  - Samer Henry
AU  - Elvino Sousa
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/16
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.24228
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.24228
AB  - Movable and rotatable-antenna systems treat element placement as a design resource, but the supporting theory is largely position-only. We prove that element orientation is an effective spatial resource in its own right, complementary to position. For collinear or coplanar arrays, the angular-domain rank is capped by the number of projection-ambiguity classes of the scattering directions, for every common element orientation and pattern. Orientation-diverse elements with sufficiently rich analytic patterns restore the maximal rank min(N,L) for almost every orientation draw. A closed-form correlation expression, strictly monotone in orientation spread under isotropic scattering, quantifies the gain within the scalar-pattern model, and Monte Carlo simulations corroborate the exact-rank and capacity behavior.
ER  -