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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Modulation of Toll-like receptor signaling by intestinal bacteria in colorectal cancer

  • Shuang Wang1
  • Dongliang Chen1
  • Dawei Yang1
  • Lei Gao1
  • Yifan Zhang1,2
  1. 1Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
  2. 2Center for Innovation and Technology Transfer, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
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Abstract

The gut microbiota contributes to intestinal homeostasis through dynamic interactions with epithelial, immune and stromal cells. Disruption of the balance, often termed dysbiosis, has been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). At the same time, selected commensal bacteria have shown protective effects. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) provide an important molecular interface through which host cells detect bacterial components and initiate cellular responses. This Mini Review examines current evidence that intestinal bacteria and their products modulate TLR signaling in CRC, with effects that may promote or restrain tumor development. The reported mechanisms involve CRC cells as well as immune and stromal compartments within the tumor microenvironment. The available evidence does not support assigning a fixed biological effect to a bacterial species or TLR. Instead, the reported outcomes appear to vary with the nature of the bacterial stimulus, the responding cell and the disease setting. Resolving this context dependence may clarify how host cells translate bacterial stimuli through TLRs into responses that influence CRC progression and treatment response.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{wang2026modulation,
  title = {{Modulation of Toll-like receptor signaling by intestinal bacteria in colorectal cancer}},
  author = {Shuang Wang and Dongliang Chen and Dawei Yang and Lei Gao and Yifan Zhang},
  journal = {Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fcimb.2026.1963456},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2026.1963456},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modulation of Toll-like receptor signaling by intestinal bacteria in colorectal cancer
AU  - Shuang Wang
AU  - Dongliang Chen
AU  - Dawei Yang
AU  - Lei Gao
AU  - Yifan Zhang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/12
JO  - Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
DO  - 10.3389/fcimb.2026.1963456
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2026.1963456
AB  - The gut microbiota contributes to intestinal homeostasis through dynamic interactions with epithelial, immune and stromal cells. Disruption of the balance, often termed dysbiosis, has been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). At the same time, selected commensal bacteria have shown protective effects. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) provide an important molecular interface through which host cells detect bacterial components and initiate cellular responses. This Mini Review examines current evidence that intestinal bacteria and their products modulate TLR signaling in CRC, with effects that may promote or restrain tumor development. The reported mechanisms involve CRC cells as well as immune and stromal compartments within the tumor microenvironment. The available evidence does not support assigning a fixed biological effect to a bacterial species or TLR. Instead, the reported outcomes appear to vary with the nature of the bacterial stimulus, the responding cell and the disease setting. Resolving this context dependence may clarify how host cells translate bacterial stimuli through TLRs into responses that influence CRC progression and treatment response.
SN  - 2235-2988
ER  -