Charge Density Wave transient states induced by ultrashort hard X-ray pulses
Abstract
The interaction of quantum systems with ultrashort laser pulses may lead to transient states far from equilibrium. Among these, Charge Density Wave (CDW) systems offer very rich non-equilibrium physics when submitted to ultrashort optical excitations in the infrared regime. In this Letter, we show that CDW systems pumped by ultrashort x-ray pulses excite the system in very different way. The x-ray pump, 6000 times more energetic than a laser pulse, pumping and probing the whole bulk system simultaneously, drives CDW systems in a novel reversible out of equilibrium state. The successive CDW states observed in the NbSe3 system with respect to the arrival of x-ray pulses follow a non-thermal kinetic path. It is characterized by a change in 2kF wavevector, correlation lengths and electronic gap, as well as a change of dimensionality, all of this takes place within a very long recovery time ranging from 450ns to 0.01s. Several scenarios are proposed, including transient nucleation and recombination of charged topological objects.
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BibTeX
@misc{ghoneim2026charge,
title = {{Charge Density Wave transient states induced by ultrashort hard X-ray pulses}},
author = {D. Ghoneim and E. Bellec and L. Ortega and V. L. R. Jacques and A. A Sinchenko and P. Wzietek and U. Boesenberg and K. Kazarian and J. Moeller and J. D. Moore and A. Rodriguez-Fernandez and R. Shayduk and A. Zozulya and A. Madsen and D. Le Bolloc'h},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.29860},
eprint = {2610.29860},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29860},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Charge Density Wave transient states induced by ultrashort hard X-ray pulses
AU - D. Ghoneim
AU - E. Bellec
AU - L. Ortega
AU - V. L. R. Jacques
AU - A. A Sinchenko
AU - P. Wzietek
AU - U. Boesenberg
AU - K. Kazarian
AU - J. Moeller
AU - J. D. Moore
AU - A. Rodriguez-Fernandez
AU - R. Shayduk
AU - A. Zozulya
AU - A. Madsen
AU - D. Le Bolloc'h
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/21
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.29860
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.29860
AB - The interaction of quantum systems with ultrashort laser pulses may lead to transient states far from equilibrium. Among these, Charge Density Wave (CDW) systems offer very rich non-equilibrium physics when submitted to ultrashort optical excitations in the infrared regime. In this Letter, we show that CDW systems pumped by ultrashort x-ray pulses excite the system in very different way. The x-ray pump, 6000 times more energetic than a laser pulse, pumping and probing the whole bulk system simultaneously, drives CDW systems in a novel reversible out of equilibrium state. The successive CDW states observed in the NbSe_3 system with respect to the arrival of x-ray pulses follow a non-thermal kinetic path. It is characterized by a change in 2k_F wavevector, correlation lengths and electronic gap, as well as a change of dimensionality, all of this takes place within a very long recovery time ranging from 450ns to 0.01s. Several scenarios are proposed, including transient nucleation and recombination of charged topological objects.
ER -