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Optimal error estimates for the half-way bounce-back lattice Boltzmann method for the Stokes equations

  • Kai Koike
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Abstract

We give a mathematical proof of the optimal convergence rates for the D2Q9 BGK lattice Boltzmann method with the half-way bounce-back rule for the incompressible Stokes equations in a flat channel. The convergence rates are second-order for the velocity and first-order for the pressure as the lattice spacing h tends to zero, in agreement with formal analyses and numerical experiments, whereas the available rigorous convergence theorems only yield an O(h1/2) bound for the velocity error. A key step in the proof is a decomposition of the leading boundary consistency error into macroscopic and kinetic components. These components are absorbed by suitably constructed Stokes and discrete Knudsen layer correctors, respectively. Incorporating these correctors into the prediction function used in previous rigorous analyses, we obtain a refined prediction function with consistency errors of sufficiently high order. Combined with the known weighted L2-stability estimate, this gives the optimal convergence rates.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{koike2026optimal,
  title = {{Optimal error estimates for the half-way bounce-back lattice Boltzmann method for the Stokes equations}},
  author = {Kai Koike},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = aug,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2608.27926},
  eprint = {2608.27926},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.27926},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Optimal error estimates for the half-way bounce-back lattice Boltzmann method for the Stokes equations
AU  - Kai Koike
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/28
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2608.27926
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.27926
AB  - We give a mathematical proof of the optimal convergence rates for the D2Q9 BGK lattice Boltzmann method with the half-way bounce-back rule for the incompressible Stokes equations in a flat channel. The convergence rates are second-order for the velocity and first-order for the pressure as the lattice spacing h tends to zero, in agreement with formal analyses and numerical experiments, whereas the available rigorous convergence theorems only yield an O(h^1/2) bound for the velocity error. A key step in the proof is a decomposition of the leading boundary consistency error into macroscopic and kinetic components. These components are absorbed by suitably constructed Stokes and discrete Knudsen layer correctors, respectively. Incorporating these correctors into the prediction function used in previous rigorous analyses, we obtain a refined prediction function with consistency errors of sufficiently high order. Combined with the known weighted L^2-stability estimate, this gives the optimal convergence rates.
ER  -