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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0PLOS One

Duration-dependent acute effects of foam rolling on dominant-hand visual reaction time in male youth basketball players: A randomized controlled study

  • Koray Samet Altınçekiç1
  • Şevval Çelen2
  • Osman Coşkun3
  • Sinan Avcı4
  • Selin Biçer Baikoğlu5
  • Meltem Özağır6
  • Suzan Dal7
  • Orkun Akkoç
7 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Istanbul Gedik University, Istanbul, Türkiye
  2. 2Fenerbahçe Sports Club, Basketball Department, Istanbul, Türkiye
  3. 3Department of Anatomy, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
  4. 4Department of Sports Heath Sciences, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
  5. 5Department of Recreation, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Türkiye
  6. 6Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences on Disabilities, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
  7. 7Department of Movement and Training Sciences, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Abstract

Objective: This study examined the acute effects of different foam rolling (FR) durations on dominant-hand visual reaction time in male youth basketball players. Methods: In this parallel-group randomized trial, 102 U16–U18 players were allocated equally to FR-A (30 seconds per region), FR-B (60 seconds per region), or passive rest. Five valid trials were recorded before and after the intervention. The lowest value was the primary best-trial score; the mean and median were sensitivity measures. Baseline-adjusted post-test differences were assessed using ANCOVA. Because the standard best-trial ANCOVA violated slope-homogeneity and linearity assumptions, an extended nonlinear baseline-interaction model was evaluated using 5,000 bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap replicates. Mixed-design ANOVAs examined pre-to-post trajectories. Results: FR-A had lower adjusted post-test reaction time than FR-B under best-trial (difference = −21.86 ms, 95% CI: −30.31 to −13.41; adjusted p < .01), mean-based (−12.36 ms, adjusted p < .01), and median-based scoring (−10.94 ms, adjusted p = .03). The FR-A–control difference was significant in the standard best-trial ANCOVA (−15.44 ms, 95% CI: −24.12 to −6.76; adjusted p < .01) and extended bootstrap comparison (−14.79 ms, adjusted p < .01), but not in mean-based (adjusted p = .33) or median-based analyses (adjusted p = .39). Extended bootstrap estimates were also higher in FR-B than in the control group (9.52 ms, adjusted p = .01). Because this model contained baseline interactions, these contrasts represented average rather than constant differences across baseline values. The time × group interaction was significant only for best-trial scoring (p < .01). Conclusion: FR-A had consistently lower adjusted reaction time than FR-B across all scoring methods. However, the FR-A–control comparison depended on baseline reaction time and scoring method. Thus, the findings do not establish a scoring-independent benefit of the 30-second protocol over passive rest or support a firm practical recommendation.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{altıncekic2026durationdependent,
  title = {{Duration-dependent acute effects of foam rolling on dominant-hand visual reaction time in male youth basketball players: A randomized controlled study}},
  author = {Koray Samet Altınçekiç and Şevval Çelen and Osman Coşkun and Sinan Avcı and Selin Biçer Baikoğlu and Meltem Özağır and Suzan Dal and Orkun Akkoç},
  journal = {PLOS One},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0358357},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0358357},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Duration-dependent acute effects of foam rolling on dominant-hand visual reaction time in male youth basketball players: A randomized controlled study
AU  - Koray Samet Altınçekiç
AU  - Şevval Çelen
AU  - Osman Coşkun
AU  - Sinan Avcı
AU  - Selin Biçer Baikoğlu
AU  - Meltem Özağır
AU  - Suzan Dal
AU  - Orkun Akkoç
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/22
JO  - PLOS One
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0358357
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0358357
AB  - Objective: This study examined the acute effects of different foam rolling (FR) durations on dominant-hand visual reaction time in male youth basketball players. Methods: In this parallel-group randomized trial, 102 U16–U18 players were allocated equally to FR-A (30 seconds per region), FR-B (60 seconds per region), or passive rest. Five valid trials were recorded before and after the intervention. The lowest value was the primary best-trial score; the mean and median were sensitivity measures. Baseline-adjusted post-test differences were assessed using ANCOVA. Because the standard best-trial ANCOVA violated slope-homogeneity and linearity assumptions, an extended nonlinear baseline-interaction model was evaluated using 5,000 bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap replicates. Mixed-design ANOVAs examined pre-to-post trajectories. Results: FR-A had lower adjusted post-test reaction time than FR-B under best-trial (difference = −21.86 ms, 95% CI: −30.31 to −13.41; adjusted p < .01), mean-based (−12.36 ms, adjusted p < .01), and median-based scoring (−10.94 ms, adjusted p = .03). The FR-A–control difference was significant in the standard best-trial ANCOVA (−15.44 ms, 95% CI: −24.12 to −6.76; adjusted p < .01) and extended bootstrap comparison (−14.79 ms, adjusted p < .01), but not in mean-based (adjusted p = .33) or median-based analyses (adjusted p = .39). Extended bootstrap estimates were also higher in FR-B than in the control group (9.52 ms, adjusted p = .01). Because this model contained baseline interactions, these contrasts represented average rather than constant differences across baseline values. The time × group interaction was significant only for best-trial scoring (p < .01). Conclusion: FR-A had consistently lower adjusted reaction time than FR-B across all scoring methods. However, the FR-A–control comparison depended on baseline reaction time and scoring method. Thus, the findings do not establish a scoring-independent benefit of the 30-second protocol over passive rest or support a firm practical recommendation.
SN  - 1932-6203
ER  -