Optimization of on-street parking layout based on transport-energy integration
- 1School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University
- 2Shandong Zhengqu Traffic Engineering Co., Ltd
Abstract
The rapid growth in electric vehicle (EV) ownership has intensified the linkage between urban parking shortages and charging infrastructure constraints, rendering conventional parking-only layout frameworks inadequate. Therefore, this study proposes integrating EV charging demand into on-street parking layout optimization from a Transport-Energy Integration (TEI) perspective. First, a Stated Preference (SP) survey was conducted to analyze user charging choice behavior, and a Logit model was developed to quantify the effects of factors such as remaining battery level, walking distance, charging price, and parking discounts on charging probability. Second, a multi-objective on-street parking layout optimization model was constructed, aiming to maximize parking and charging demand satisfaction rates while minimizing parking facility construction costs and road segment saturation. Finally, a hybrid NSGA-II-AHA algorithm is developed to address the local convergence trap inherent in the standard NSGA-II algorithm. A case study conducted in Laicheng District, Jinan, demonstrates that the optimized layout fully satisfies parking demand (100%) and increases the charging demand satisfaction rate from 59% to 97%, highlighting the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed framework.
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BibTeX
@article{bai2026optimization,
title = {{Optimization of on-street parking layout based on transport-energy integration}},
author = {Han Bai and Yuxi Yuan and Liang Zhao and Tianzheng Wei and Jian Lu and Xiuguang Wang},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.1038/s41598-026-62806-7},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-62806-7},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Optimization of on-street parking layout based on transport-energy integration
AU - Han Bai
AU - Yuxi Yuan
AU - Liang Zhao
AU - Tianzheng Wei
AU - Jian Lu
AU - Xiuguang Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/01
JO - Scientific Reports
DO - 10.1038/s41598-026-62806-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-62806-7
AB - The rapid growth in electric vehicle (EV) ownership has intensified the linkage between urban parking shortages and charging infrastructure constraints, rendering conventional parking-only layout frameworks inadequate. Therefore, this study proposes integrating EV charging demand into on-street parking layout optimization from a Transport-Energy Integration (TEI) perspective. First, a Stated Preference (SP) survey was conducted to analyze user charging choice behavior, and a Logit model was developed to quantify the effects of factors such as remaining battery level, walking distance, charging price, and parking discounts on charging probability. Second, a multi-objective on-street parking layout optimization model was constructed, aiming to maximize parking and charging demand satisfaction rates while minimizing parking facility construction costs and road segment saturation. Finally, a hybrid NSGA-II-AHA algorithm is developed to address the local convergence trap inherent in the standard NSGA-II algorithm. A case study conducted in Laicheng District, Jinan, demonstrates that the optimized layout fully satisfies parking demand (100%) and increases the charging demand satisfaction rate from 59% to 97%, highlighting the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed framework.
SN - 2045-2322
ER -