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PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

Interpretability for Turing Machines

Abstract

We show that susceptibilities, an interpretability technique developed for neural networks, can identify the presence of algorithmic structure in Turing machines by probing the local loss landscape of a learning problem for noisy Turing machines introduced by Murfet and Troiani (arXiv:2504.08075). We prove that symmetries and path separation in the algorithm implemented by a Turing machine induce permutation symmetries and low-rank blocks in its susceptibility matrix. We study this empirically on a set of deterministic finite automata (DFAs) and demonstrate that algorithmic features can be recovered by principal component analysis and clustering methods in susceptibility space.

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BibTeX
@misc{snikkers2026interpretability,
  title = {{Interpretability for Turing Machines}},
  author = {Billy Snikkers and Rumi Salazar and Daniel Murfet and Will Troiani},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.04661},
  eprint = {2609.04661},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.04661},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Interpretability for Turing Machines
AU  - Billy Snikkers
AU  - Rumi Salazar
AU  - Daniel Murfet
AU  - Will Troiani
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/04
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.04661
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.04661
AB  - We show that susceptibilities, an interpretability technique developed for neural networks, can identify the presence of algorithmic structure in Turing machines by probing the local loss landscape of a learning problem for noisy Turing machines introduced by Murfet and Troiani (arXiv:2504.08075). We prove that symmetries and path separation in the algorithm implemented by a Turing machine induce permutation symmetries and low-rank blocks in its susceptibility matrix. We study this empirically on a set of deterministic finite automata (DFAs) and demonstrate that algorithmic features can be recovered by principal component analysis and clustering methods in susceptibility space.
ER  -