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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Mathematics

Optimal Control Approach for Modeling the Introduction of Sterilizing Treatment for Tuberculosis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

  • Edwin Barrios-Rivera1
  • Daiver Cardona-Salgado2
  • Ilya Dikariev3
  • Carmen A. Ramirez-Bernate4
  • Olga Vasilieva4
  • Mikhail Svinin5
5 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Palmira, Palmira 763533, Colombia
  2. 2Department of Mathematics, Universidad Autonoma de Occidente, Cali 760032, Colombia
  3. 3Institute of Mathematics, Brandenburg University of Technology, 03046 Cottbus, Germany
  4. 4Department of Mathematics, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760031, Colombia
  5. 5College of Information Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Osaka 567-8570, Japan
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Abstract

This study presents a mathematical modeling framework to analyze the impact of integrating sterilizing treatment into tuberculosis (TB) control strategies, particularly in resource-limited settings. The numerical analysis of the proposed mathematical framework indicates that while sterilizing treatment alone is highly effective in reducing TB incidence and mortality, its widespread implementation requires significant financial investment. The optimal control approach demonstrates that a mixed strategy, combining sterilizing and non-sterilizing treatments, can achieve comparable public health benefits at a lower cost, especially in medium-term planning. From a long-term perspective, however, our results suggest that exclusively sterilizing treatment ultimately leads to greater reductions in TB incidence, prevalence, and mortality, justifying its higher initial cost. This is primarily due to the ability of sterilizing drugs to eliminate latent TB infections, prevent future active infections and disease-induced deaths, and avoid a considerable number of treatments. Additionally, under scenarios where the cost of sterilizing drugs decreases over time, a swift transition to a solely sterilizing treatment could result in both epidemiological and economic advantages for healthcare systems.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{barriosrivera2026optimal,
  title = {{Optimal Control Approach for Modeling the Introduction of Sterilizing Treatment for Tuberculosis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries}},
  author = {Edwin Barrios-Rivera and Daiver Cardona-Salgado and Ilya Dikariev and Carmen A. Ramirez-Bernate and Olga Vasilieva and Mikhail Svinin},
  journal = {Mathematics},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/math14203818},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/14/20/3818},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optimal Control Approach for Modeling the Introduction of Sterilizing Treatment for Tuberculosis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
AU  - Edwin Barrios-Rivera
AU  - Daiver Cardona-Salgado
AU  - Ilya Dikariev
AU  - Carmen A. Ramirez-Bernate
AU  - Olga Vasilieva
AU  - Mikhail Svinin
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/20
JO  - Mathematics
DO  - 10.3390/math14203818
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/14/20/3818
AB  - This study presents a mathematical modeling framework to analyze the impact of integrating sterilizing treatment into tuberculosis (TB) control strategies, particularly in resource-limited settings. The numerical analysis of the proposed mathematical framework indicates that while sterilizing treatment alone is highly effective in reducing TB incidence and mortality, its widespread implementation requires significant financial investment. The optimal control approach demonstrates that a mixed strategy, combining sterilizing and non-sterilizing treatments, can achieve comparable public health benefits at a lower cost, especially in medium-term planning. From a long-term perspective, however, our results suggest that exclusively sterilizing treatment ultimately leads to greater reductions in TB incidence, prevalence, and mortality, justifying its higher initial cost. This is primarily due to the ability of sterilizing drugs to eliminate latent TB infections, prevent future active infections and disease-induced deaths, and avoid a considerable number of treatments. Additionally, under scenarios where the cost of sterilizing drugs decreases over time, a swift transition to a solely sterilizing treatment could result in both epidemiological and economic advantages for healthcare systems.
SN  - 2227-7390
ER  -