Matter wave bistability with a momentum chirped Bose-Einstein condensate
Abstract
While a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity interferometer is a standard tool in modern optics, analogous physics can also be observed with matter waves such as Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). Interatomic collisions in BECs can induce nonlinear features such as multi-valued transmission spectra for interferometry experiments. Observation of interaction effects in the matter-wave analogue of FP interferometry has not yet been experimentally achieved, mostly due to broadening of transmission peaks by interaction-induced shifts of cavity resonances. In this work, we theoretically show that this limitation can be overcome by engineering a momentum chirp in a BEC wavepacket. By balancing this chirp against the dynamical mean-field energy shift of the cavity during transmission, we predict enhanced resonant spectra and bistability features due to interaction-assisted tunneling that would be otherwise inaccessible. We show that this physics is readily observable with quasi-one-dimensional BECs of cold atoms colliding with a pair of light-induced Gaussian potential barriers forming the cavity. We also benchmark the requisite optimum chirp needed and characterize the contrast of near-discontinuous FP transmission spectra at an interacting resonance. Our findings enable the realization of technologies like matter-wave switching protocols, and high-precision velocity measurements; estimates of achievable sensitivity for the latter are provided.
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BibTeX
@misc{mamaev2026matter,
title = {{Matter wave bistability with a momentum chirped Bose-Einstein condensate}},
author = {Mikhail Mamaev and Nicholas Mantella and Noah P. Baker and Joseph McGowan IV and Aephraim M. Steinberg},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.08942},
eprint = {2610.08942},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.08942},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Matter wave bistability with a momentum chirped Bose-Einstein condensate
AU - Mikhail Mamaev
AU - Nicholas Mantella
AU - Noah P. Baker
AU - Joseph McGowan IV
AU - Aephraim M. Steinberg
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/06
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.08942
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.08942
AB - While a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity interferometer is a standard tool in modern optics, analogous physics can also be observed with matter waves such as Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). Interatomic collisions in BECs can induce nonlinear features such as multi-valued transmission spectra for interferometry experiments. Observation of interaction effects in the matter-wave analogue of FP interferometry has not yet been experimentally achieved, mostly due to broadening of transmission peaks by interaction-induced shifts of cavity resonances. In this work, we theoretically show that this limitation can be overcome by engineering a momentum chirp in a BEC wavepacket. By balancing this chirp against the dynamical mean-field energy shift of the cavity during transmission, we predict enhanced resonant spectra and bistability features due to interaction-assisted tunneling that would be otherwise inaccessible. We show that this physics is readily observable with quasi-one-dimensional BECs of cold atoms colliding with a pair of light-induced Gaussian potential barriers forming the cavity. We also benchmark the requisite optimum chirp needed and characterize the contrast of near-discontinuous FP transmission spectra at an interacting resonance. Our findings enable the realization of technologies like matter-wave switching protocols, and high-precision velocity measurements; estimates of achievable sensitivity for the latter are provided.
ER -