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PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

Bubble detachment from circular cavities and flat surfaces

  • Ianto Cannon
  • Stefan Endres
  • Lutz Mädler
  • Marc Avila
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Abstract

We determine the maximum stable volume of bubbles attached to flat surfaces as a function of contact radius, contact angle, and capillary length. By solving the Young-Laplace equation using a shooting method, we calculate equilibrium bubble shapes and determine when bubbles detach through three distinct modes: necking at the cavity, sideways instability, and spreading followed by necking on the surrounding surface. Our predicted detachment volumes agree well with experimental measurements of electrolytic, boiling, and carbonated bubbles, as well as pendant drops. These results bring together and extend previous analytical estimates and, by symmetry, also apply directly to pendant drops.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{cannon2026bubble,
  title = {{Bubble detachment from circular cavities and flat surfaces}},
  author = {Ianto Cannon and Stefan Endres and Lutz Mädler and Marc Avila},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.24342},
  eprint = {2609.24342},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.24342},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Bubble detachment from circular cavities and flat surfaces
AU  - Ianto Cannon
AU  - Stefan Endres
AU  - Lutz Mädler
AU  - Marc Avila
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/21
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.24342
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.24342
AB  - We determine the maximum stable volume of bubbles attached to flat surfaces as a function of contact radius, contact angle, and capillary length. By solving the Young-Laplace equation using a shooting method, we calculate equilibrium bubble shapes and determine when bubbles detach through three distinct modes: necking at the cavity, sideways instability, and spreading followed by necking on the surrounding surface. Our predicted detachment volumes agree well with experimental measurements of electrolytic, boiling, and carbonated bubbles, as well as pendant drops. These results bring together and extend previous analytical estimates and, by symmetry, also apply directly to pendant drops.
ER  -