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PreprintCC BY-NC 4.0EcoEvoRxiv

Size-dependent beak shape divergence between Parrot and Common Crossbills likely involves major developmental changes

  • Quentin Jean-Baptiste Horta-Lacueva
  • Mark Ravinet
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Abstract

We studied allometry, here defined as shape-size covariation, to explore the unresolved case of divergence between the Parrot and Common Crossbill. Using geometric morphometrics, we compared beak shape and allometry among the Parrot Crossbill, the Common Crossbill and the more distantly related Two-Barred Crossbill. The Parrot Crossbill differed from the two other species in shape changes that cannot be explained by size variations along a common allometric trajectory, and instead shows a deeper and bulkier maxilla than expected by size alone. These results indicate that Parrot Crossbill has likely evolved a distinct beak shape through modulations of developmental processes that are yet to be revealed by genomic investigations.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{hortalacueva2026sizedependent,
  title = {{Size-dependent beak shape divergence between Parrot and Common Crossbills likely involves major developmental changes}},
  author = {Quentin Jean-Baptiste Horta-Lacueva and Mark Ravinet},
  howpublished = {EcoEvoRxiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.32942/x28h6j},
  url = {https://ecoevorxiv.org/repository/view/15681/},
  note = {CC BY-NC 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Size-dependent beak shape divergence between Parrot and Common Crossbills likely involves major developmental changes
AU  - Quentin Jean-Baptiste Horta-Lacueva
AU  - Mark Ravinet
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/22
PB  - EcoEvoRxiv
DO  - 10.32942/x28h6j
UR  - https://ecoevorxiv.org/repository/view/15681/
AB  - We studied allometry, here defined as shape-size covariation, to explore the unresolved case of divergence between the Parrot and Common Crossbill. Using geometric morphometrics, we compared beak shape and allometry among the Parrot Crossbill, the Common Crossbill and the more distantly related Two-Barred Crossbill. The Parrot Crossbill differed from the two other species in shape changes that cannot be explained by size variations along a common allometric trajectory, and instead shows a deeper and bulkier maxilla than expected by size alone. These results indicate that Parrot Crossbill has likely evolved a distinct beak shape through modulations of developmental processes that are yet to be revealed by genomic investigations.
ER  -