TyG indicator–TyHGB and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract

Objective: The objective was to explore the association between triglyceride-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-glucose body index (TyHGB) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Chinese pregnant women.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 1,063 pregnant women who underwent GDM screening using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The TyHGB was calculated according to the following formula: TyHGB = TG/HDL-C + 0.7*fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol/L) + 0.1*pre-pregnancy body mass index (pre-BMI, kg/m2). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and evaluate the association between TyHGB and GDM among Chinese pregnant women. We performed subgroup analyses as well as receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of TyHGB for GDM.

Results: Of the total study participants, 190 women (17.87%) were newly diagnosed with GDM. The median age of the cohort was 31.00 years (IQR, 28.0–34.0). After adjusting for relevant confounding factors, multivariable logistic regression revealed that increased TyHGB levels was significantly associated with increased GDM risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.82 (95% CI: 1.37–2.44). In addition, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for TyHGB was 0.675 (95% CI: 0.646–0.703). The optimal cut-off value was 5.995, yielding a specificity of 63.12% and a sensitivity of 66.32%. Notably, the TyHGB exhibited superior diagnostic performance for GDM relative to maternal age, pre-BMI, FPG and the triglyceride-glucose index.

Conclusion: The TyHGB represents a promising indicator for the identification of pregnant women at high risk of GDM.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@article{li2026indicatortyhgb,
  title = {{TyG indicator–TyHGB and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study}},
  author = {Xiaohua Li and Weizhen Bu and Wenjing Liang and Ziling Ji and Yunfei Chen and Yan Xuan and Xiaojing Hu},
  journal = {Frontiers in nutrition},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fnut.2026.1967930},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13724455},
  note = {CC BY},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - TyG indicator–TyHGB and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study
AU  - Xiaohua Li
AU  - Weizhen Bu
AU  - Wenjing Liang
AU  - Ziling Ji
AU  - Yunfei Chen
AU  - Yan Xuan
AU  - Xiaojing Hu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/19
JO  - Frontiers in nutrition
DO  - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1967930
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13724455
AB  - Objective: The objective was to explore the association between triglyceride-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-glucose body index (TyHGB) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Chinese pregnant women.  Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 1,063 pregnant women who underwent GDM screening using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The TyHGB was calculated according to the following formula: TyHGB = TG/HDL-C + 0.7*fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mmol/L) + 0.1*pre-pregnancy body mass index (pre-BMI, kg/m2). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and evaluate the association between TyHGB and GDM among Chinese pregnant women. We performed subgroup analyses as well as receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of TyHGB for GDM.  Results: Of the total study participants, 190 women (17.87%) were newly diagnosed with GDM. The median age of the cohort was 31.00 years (IQR, 28.0–34.0). After adjusting for relevant confounding factors, multivariable logistic regression revealed that increased TyHGB levels was significantly associated with increased GDM risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.82 (95% CI: 1.37–2.44). In addition, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for TyHGB was 0.675 (95% CI: 0.646–0.703). The optimal cut-off value was 5.995, yielding a specificity of 63.12% and a sensitivity of 66.32%. Notably, the TyHGB exhibited superior diagnostic performance for GDM relative to maternal age, pre-BMI, FPG and the triglyceride-glucose index.  Conclusion: The TyHGB represents a promising indicator for the identification of pregnant women at high risk of GDM.
SN  - 2296-861X
ER  -

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