Skip to content
DraconiticResearch
Search Sources API
194,161 studies31 sourcesUpdated 58 min ago
PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

ExHaLe-jet: Modeling blazar jets with an extended hadro-leptonic radiation code

Abstract

Blazars - active galaxies with the jet pointing at Earth - emit across all electromagnetic wavelengths. As the one-zone model becomes increasingly inadequate to describe blazar emission, more elaborate models are needed. In order to self-consistently describe the entire electromagnetic spectrum, extended jet models are necessary. Notably, kinetic descriptions of extended jets can provide the temporal and spatial evolution of the particle species and the full electromagnetic output. ExHaLe-jet is a lepto-hadronic, extended-jet code allowing for in-depth studies of the particle and radiation evolution on all scales. Here, we present our ongoing study regarding acceleration scenarios of particles within the large-scale jet structure. A single acceleration of particles at the jet base (or elsewhere) is insufficient to produce sufficient photon flux. Thus, re-acceleration through, e.g., consecutive shocks along the jet is needed. We explore two possible scenarios for this.

Related

  1. An Evolving Leptonic Jet Model for Delayed Radio Flares in Neutrino Blazars
    Alina Kochocki, Xavier Rodrigues, Nathan Whitehorn
    HALPreprintLicence not statedGeneral astronomyGeneral physicsHAL
  2. A blazar is a blazar is a blazar ... Comparing long-term varaibility properties of PKS 1510-089 and PKS 2155-304
    M. Zacharias, A. Wierzcholska
    arXivPreprintCC BY 4.0Full textGalaxiesHigh-energy astrophysicsarXiv
  3. Gamma-rays from black hole coronae: disentangling the leptonic and hadronic contributions
    Sébastien Le Bihan, Daniel Grošelj, Martin Lemoine
    HALPreprintCC BY 4.0Full textHigh-energy astrophysicsGeneral physicsHALarXiv
  4. A GeV Gamma-Ray Spectral Excess in the Fermi Blazar 4FGL J0136.5+3906
    Shi-Ju Kang, Yue Yin, Yong-Gang Zheng +2
    arXivPreprintarXiv licenceFull textHigh-energy astrophysicsarXiv
  5. Gamma-ray Quasi-periodic Oscillations in the Changing Look Blazar B2 1420+326 (OQ 334)
    Sunanda, Shubham Kishore, Alok C. Gupta
    arXivPreprintCC BY 4.0Full textHigh-energy astrophysicsarXiv
BibTeX
@misc{zacharias2026exhalejet,
  title = {{ExHaLe-jet: Modeling blazar jets with an extended hadro-leptonic radiation code}},
  author = {M. Zacharias and A. Zech and A. Reimer and C. Boisson},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.23425},
  eprint = {2610.23425},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.23425},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - ExHaLe-jet: Modeling blazar jets with an extended hadro-leptonic radiation code
AU  - M. Zacharias
AU  - A. Zech
AU  - A. Reimer
AU  - C. Boisson
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/16
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.23425
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.23425
AB  - Blazars - active galaxies with the jet pointing at Earth - emit across all electromagnetic wavelengths. As the one-zone model becomes increasingly inadequate to describe blazar emission, more elaborate models are needed. In order to self-consistently describe the entire electromagnetic spectrum, extended jet models are necessary. Notably, kinetic descriptions of extended jets can provide the temporal and spatial evolution of the particle species and the full electromagnetic output. ExHaLe-jet is a lepto-hadronic, extended-jet code allowing for in-depth studies of the particle and radiation evolution on all scales. Here, we present our ongoing study regarding acceleration scenarios of particles within the large-scale jet structure. A single acceleration of particles at the jet base (or elsewhere) is insufficient to produce sufficient photon flux. Thus, re-acceleration through, e.g., consecutive shocks along the jet is needed. We explore two possible scenarios for this.
ER  -